Warner Greene, MD, PhD

Professor

Warner C. Greene, MD, PhD is Director of the Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Senior Investigator, and Nick and Sue Hellmann Distinguished Professor of Translational Medicine at the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology (GIVI). He is the Founding and Emeritus Director of GIVI. Dr. Greene is also Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and of Immunology at UCSF. Dr. Greene is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies and a fellow of the American Academy for the Advancement of Science. He also serves as Co-Director of the UCSF-Gladstone Center for AIDS Research, and has served as a Councilor and President of the Association of American Physicians. Dr. Greene earned a bachelor’s degree at Stanford University and an MD/PhD at Washington University School of Medicine. He took his internship and residency training in Medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital at Harvard. After serving as a Senior Investigator at the National Cancer Institute and a Professor of Medicine and Howard Hughes Investigator at Duke University Medical Center, Dr. Greene accepted his current position as the Founding Director of the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology in 1991. The ongoing research in Dr. Greene’s laboratory focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying HIV pathogenesis, latency, and transmission. He is the author of more than 380 scientific papers and has been recognized as one of the 100 Most Cited Scientists in the world. In 2007, Dr. Greene expanded his work to include global health in sub-Saharan Africa in his service as president and executive chairman of the Accordia Global Health Foundation. Accordia established the Infectious Diseases Institute at Makerere University in Uganda, which has trained thousands of African health care workers, is caring for 30,000 HIV-infected patients, and has brought health care to nearly 500,000 people living in remote rural regions of Uganda. In 2016, Accordia merged with Africare.

Education
1979 - Internal Medicine Residency, Massachusetts General Hospital
1978 - Internal Medicine Internship, Massachusetts General Hospital
MD, PhD, 1977 - Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine
BA, 1971 - , Stanford University
Honors and Awards
  • Lifetime Achievement Award for Scientific Contributions, Institute of Human Virology, 2019
  • • Honorary Doctoral Degree and Commencement Speaker, Drexel University, 2015
  • Elected as Member, American Academy of Arts & Sciences, 2014
  • Francis Gilman Blake Award, Association of American Physicians, 2013
  • President, Association of American Physicians, 2012-2013
  • Distinguished Research Career Award, Ohio State University Center for Retrovirus Research, 2012
  • Alumni Achievement Award, Washington University in St. Louis, 2012
  • Center Director, Global Virus Network, 2011-pres
  • President-Elect, Association of American Physicians, 2011-2012
  • Councilor, Association of American Physicians, 2005-2011
  • Elected as Member, National Academy of Medicine, 2005
  • Elected Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2004
  • Honorary Co-Chair, AIDS Memorial Advisory Board, 2003-pres
  • Board of Directors, Academic Alliance Foundation, 2003-pres
  • Selected as Original Member, ISI Highly Cited Researchers, 2001
  • Executive Committee and Chair of Scientific Committee, Waterford Project, 2000
  • Institutional Representative, American Society for Clinical Investigation, 1998-2001
  • Member, Mayor's AIDS Scientific Advisory Council, 1997-1998
  • Co-Chair, Keystone AIDS Symposium, 1995
  • Co-Chair, Scientific Committee, 1st-3rd National Conferences on Human Retroviruses & Related Infections, 1994-1996
  • Vice President, American Society for Clinical Investigation, 1993-1994
  • Elected, California Academy of Medicine, 1993
  • Elected, Association of American Physicians, 1990
  • Recipient, Young Investigator Award, American Rheumatism Association, 1988
  • Recipient, Outstanding Investigator Award, American Federation for Clinical Research, 1987
  • Elected, American Society for Clinical Investigation, 1985
  • Recipient, Award in the Biological Sciences, Washington Academy of Sciences, 1984
  • 100 Most Cited Scientists, Institute for Scientific Information (Science Citation Index), 1981-1988
  • Elected Member, Alpha Omega Alpha, 1977
  • Prize in Medicine, St. Louis Internists, 1977
  • Research Honorary, Sigma Xi, 1976
  • Honors Program in Biology, Stanford University, 1970-1971
  • Recipient, Research Fellowship Award, California Heart Association, 1970
Websites
Publications

  1. Ryu JK, Yan Z, Montano M, Sozmen EG, Dixit K, Suryawanshi RK, Matsui Y, Helmy E, Kaushal P, Makanani SK, Deerinck TJ, Meyer-Franke A, Rios Coronado PE, Trevino TN, Shin MG, Tognatta R, Liu Y, Schuck R, Le L, Miyajima H, Mendiola AS, Arun N, Guo B, Taha TY, Agrawal A, MacDonald E, Aries O, Yan A, Weaver O, Petersen MA, Meza Acevedo R, Alzamora MDPS, Thomas R, Traglia M, Kouznetsova VL, Tsigelny IF, Pico AR, Red-Horse K, Ellisman MH, Krogan NJ, Bouhaddou M, Ott M, Greene WC, Akassoglou K. Fibrin drives thromboinflammation and neuropathology in COVID-19. Nature 2024. PMID: 39198643


  2. Li L, Matsui Y, Prahl MK, Cassidy AG, Golan Y, Jigmeddagva U, Ozarslan N, Lin CY, Buarpung S, Gonzalez VJ, Chidboy MA, Basilio E, Lynch KL, Song D, Jegatheesan P, Rai DS, Govindaswami B, Needens J, Rincon M, Myatt L, Taha TY, Montano M, Ott M, Greene WC, Gaw SL. Neutralizing and binding antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 with hybrid immunity in pregnancy. NPJ vaccines 2024. PMID: 39191763


  3. Kong W, Frouard J, Xie G, Corley MJ, Helmy E, Zhang G, Schwarzer R, Montano M, Sohn P, Roan NR, Ndhlovu LC, Gan L, Greene WC. Neuroinflammation generated by HIV-infected microglia promotes dysfunction and death of neurons in human brain organoids. PNAS nexus 2024. PMID: 38737767


  4. Li Z, Deeks SG, Ott M, Greene WC. Comprehensive synergy mapping links a BAF- and NSL-containing "supercomplex" to the transcriptional silencing of HIV-1. Cell reports 2023. PMID: 37682714


  5. Kong W, Montano M, Corley MJ, Helmy E, Kobayashi H, Kinisu M, Suryawanshi R, Luo X, Royer LA, Roan NR, Ott M, Ndhlovu LC, Greene WC. Neuropilin-1 Mediates SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Astrocytes in Brain Organoids, Inducing Inflammation Leading to Dysfunction and Death of Neurons. mBio 2022. PMID: 36314791


  6. Montano M, Victor AR, Griffin DK, Duong T, Bolduc N, Farmer A, Garg V, Hadjantonakis AK, Coates A, Barnes FL, Zouves CG, Greene WC, Viotti M. SARS-CoV-2 can infect human embryos. Scientific Reports 2022. PMID: 36104397


  7. Packard TA, Schwarzer R, Herzig E, Rao D, Luo X, Egedal JH, Hsiao F, Widera M, Hultquist JF, Grimmett ZW, Messer RJ, Krogan NJ, Deeks SG, Roan NR, Dittmer U, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC. CCL2: a Chemokine Potentially Promoting Early Seeding of the Latent HIV Reservoir. mBio 2022. PMID: 36073812


  8. George AF, McGregor M, Gingrich D, Neidleman J, Marquez RS, Young KC, Thanigaivelan KL, Greene WC, Tien PC, Deitchman AN, Spitzer TL, Roan NR. Female Genital Fibroblasts Diminish the In Vitro Efficacy of PrEP against HIV. Viruses 2022. PMID: 36016345


  9. Nakanjako D, Castelnuovo B, Sewankambo N, Kakaire T, Brough RL, Katabira ET, Thomas DL, Quinn TC, Colebunders R, Greene WC, Ronald AR, Coutinho A, McAdam K, Serwadda D, Wabwire-Mangen F, Katongole-Mbidde E, Musoke P, Joloba M, McKinnell H, Kamya M, Mayanja-Kizza H, Manabe YC, Kambugu A. Infectious Diseases Institute at Makerere University College of Health Sciences: a case study of a sustainable capacity building model for health care, research and training. African health sciences 2022. PMID: 36321127


  10. Prahl M, Golan Y, Cassidy AG, Matsui Y, Li L, Alvarenga B, Chen H, Jigmeddagva U, Lin CY, Gonzalez VJ, Chidboy MA, Warrier L, Buarpung S, Murtha AP, Flaherman VJ, Greene WC, Wu AHB, Lynch KL, Rajan J, Gaw SL. Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and infancy. Nature communications 2022. PMID: 35908075


  11. Matsui Y, Li L, Prahl M, Cassidy AG, Ozarslan N, Golan Y, Gonzalez VJ, Lin CY, Jigmeddagva U, Chidboy MA, Montano M, Taha TY, Khalid MM, Sreekumar B, Hayashi JM, Chen PY, Kumar GR, Warrier L, Wu AH, Song D, Jegatheesan P, Rai DS, Govindaswami B, Needens JM, Rincon M, Myatt L, Asiodu IV, Flaherman VJ, Afshar Y, Jacoby VL, Murtha AP, Robinson JF, Ott M, Greene WC, Gaw SL. Neutralizing antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in gestational age-matched mother-infant dyads after infection or vaccination. 2022. PMID: 35579965


  12. Luo X, Frouard J, Zhang G, Neidleman J, Xie G, Sheedy E, Roan NR, Greene WC. Subsets of Tissue CD4 T Cells Display Different Susceptibilities to HIV Infection and Death: Analysis by CyTOF and Single Cell RNA-seq. Frontiers in immunology 2022. PMID: 35784348


  13. Suryawanshi RK, Chen IP, Ma T, Syed AM, Brazer N, Saldhi P, Simoneau CR, Ciling A, Khalid MM, Sreekumar B, Chen PY, Kumar GR, Montano M, Gascon R, Tsou CL, Garcia-Knight MA, Sotomayor-Gonzalez A, Servellita V, Gliwa A, Nguyen J, Silva I, Milbes B, Kojima N, Hess V, Shacreaw M, Lopez L, Brobeck M, Turner F, Soveg FW, George AF, Fang X, Maishan M, Matthay M, Morris MK, Wadford D, Hanson C, Greene WC, Andino R, Spraggon L, Roan NR, Chiu CY, Doudna JA, Ott M. Limited cross-variant immunity from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron without vaccination. 2022. PMID: 35584773


  14. Suryawanshi RK, Chen IP, Ma T, Syed AM, Simoneau CR, Ciling A, Khalid MM, Sreekumar B, Chen PY, George AF, Kumar GR, Montano M, Garcia-Knight MA, Brazer N, Saldhi P, Sotomayor-Gonzalez A, Servellita V, Gliwa A, Nguyen J, Silva I, Milbes B, Kojima N, Hess V, Shacreaw M, Lopez L, Brobeck M, Turner F, Soveg FW, Fang X, Maishan M, Matthay M, Morris MK, Wadford D, Hanson C, Greene WC, Andino R, Spraggon L, Roan NR, Chiu CY, Doudna J, Ott M. Limited cross-variant immunity after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant without vaccination. 2022. PMID: 35075459


  15. George AF, Luo X, Neidleman J, Hoh R, Vohra P, Thomas R, Shin MG, Lee MJ, Blish CA, Deeks SG, Greene WC, Lee SA, Roan NR. Deep Phenotypic Analysis of Blood and Lymphoid T and NK Cells From HIV+ Controllers and ART-Suppressed Individuals. 2022. PMID: 35154118


  16. Prahl M, Golan Y, Cassidy A, Matsui Y, Li L, Alvarenga B, Chen H, Jigmeddagva U, Lin C, Gonzalez V, Chidboy M, Warrier L, Buarpung S, Murtha A, Flaherman V, Greene W, Wu A, Lynch K, Rajan J, Gaw S. Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and early infancy. Research square 2021. PMID: 34931183


  17. Prahl M, Golan Y, Cassidy AG, Matsui Y, Li L, Alvarenga B, Chen H, Jigmeddagva U, Lin CY, Gonzalez VJ, Chidboy MA, Warrier L, Buarpung S, Murtha AP, Flaherman VJ, Greene WC, Wu AHB, Lynch KL, Rajan J, Gaw SL. Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and early infancy. 2021. PMID: 34931197


  18. Pedersen JG, Egedal JH, Packard TA, Thavachelvam K, Xie G, van der Sluis RM, Greene WC, Roan NR, Jakobsen MR. Cell-Extrinsic Priming Increases Permissiveness of CD4+ T Cells to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection by Increasing C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 Co-receptor Expression and Cellular Activation Status. 2021. PMID: 34899645


  19. Ryu JK, Sozmen EG, Dixit K, Montano M, Matsui Y, Liu Y, Helmy E, Deerinck TJ, Yan Z, Schuck R, Acevedo RM, Spencer CM, Thomas R, Pico AR, Zamvil SS, Lynch KL, Ellisman MH, Greene WC, Akassoglou K. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces abnormal inflammatory blood clots neutralized by fibrin immunotherapy. 2021. PMID: 34671772


  20. Neidleman J, Luo X, McGregor M, Xie G, Murray V, Greene WC, Lee SA, Roan NR. mRNA vaccine-induced T cells respond identically to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern but differ in longevity and homing properties depending on prior infection status. 2021. PMID: 34636722


  21. Luo X, Mouquet H, Schwartz O, Greene WC. Bystander CD4 T-cell death is inhibited by broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies only at levels blocking cell-to-cell viral transmission. The Journal of biological chemistry 2021. PMID: 34418431


  22. Neidleman J, Luo X, McGregor M, Xie G, Murray V, Greene WC, Lee SA, Roan NR. mRNA vaccine-induced T cells respond identically to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern but differ in longevity and homing properties depending on prior infection status. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2021. PMID: 34013277


  23. Neidleman J, Luo X, George AF, McGregor M, Yang J, Yun C, Murray V, Gill G, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Lee SA, Ghosn E, Lynch KL, Roan NR. Distinctive features of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells predict recovery from severe COVID-19. Cell reports 2021. PMID: 34260965


  24. Egedal JH, Xie G, Packard TA, Laustsen A, Neidleman J, Georgiou K, Pillai SK, Greene WC, Jakobsen MR, Roan NR. Hyaluronic acid is a negative regulator of mucosal fibroblast-mediated enhancement of HIV infection. Mucosal immunology 2021. PMID: 33976386


  25. Xie G, Luo X, Ma T, Frouard J, Neidleman J, Hoh R, Deeks SG, Greene WC, Roan NR. Characterization of HIV-induced remodeling reveals differences in infection susceptibility of memory CD4+ T cell subsets in vivo. Cell reports 2021. PMID: 33910003


  26. Neidleman J, Luo X, George AF, McGregor M, Yang J, Yun C, Murray V, Gill G, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Lee S, Ghosn E, Lynch K, Roan NR. Distinctive features of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells predict recovery from severe COVID-19. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 2021. PMID: 33532792


  27. Gramatica A, Schwarzer R, Brantley W, Varco-Merth B, Sperber HS, Hull PA, Montano M, Migueles SA, Rosenthal D, Hogan LE, Johnson JR, Packard TA, Grimmett ZW, Herzig E, Besnard E, Nekorchuk M, Hsiao F, Deeks SG, Snape M, Kiernan B, Roan NR, Lifson JD, Estes JD, Picker LJ, Verdin E, Krogan NJ, Henrich TJ, Connors M, Ott M, Pillai SK, Okoye AA, Greene WC. Evaluating a New Class of AKT/mTOR Activators for HIV Latency Reversing Activity Ex Vivo and In Vivo. Journal of virology 2021. PMID: 33536176


  28. Li Z, Hajian C, Greene WC. Identification of unrecognized host factors promoting HIV-1 latency. PLoS pathogens 2020. PMID: 33270809


  29. Moron-Lopez S, Telwatte S, Sarabia I, Battivelli E, Montano M, Macedo AB, Aran D, Butte AJ, Jones RB, Bosque A, Verdin E, Greene WC, Wong JK, Yukl SA. Human splice factors contribute to latent HIV infection in primary cell models and blood CD4+ T cells from ART-treated individuals. Volume 16 of Issue 11. PLoS pathogens 2020. PMID: 33253324


  30. Neidleman J, Luo X, Frouard J, Xie G, Hsiao F, Ma T, Morcilla V, Lee A, Telwatte S, Thomas R, Tamaki W, Wheeler B, Hoh R, Somsouk M, Vohra P, Milush J, James KS, Archin NM, Hunt PW, Deeks SG, Yukl SA, Palmer S, Greene WC, Roan NR. Phenotypic analysis of the unstimulated in vivo HIV CD4 T cell reservoir. eLife 2020. PMID: 32990219


  31. Neidleman J, Luo X, Frouard J, Xie G, Gill G, Stein ES, McGregor M, Ma T, George AF, Kosters A, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Ghosn E, Lee S, Roan NR. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells exhibit phenotypic features of robust helper function, lack of terminal differentiation, and high proliferative potential. Cell reports. Medicine 2020. PMID: 32839763


  32. Neidleman J, Luo X, Frouard J, Xie G, Gurjot G, Stein ES, McGregor M, Ma T, George AF, Kosters A, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Ghosn E, Lee S, Roan NR. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells exhibit unique features characterized by robust helper function, lack of terminal differentiation, and high proliferative potential. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2020. PMID: 32577663


  33. Ma T, Luo X, George AF, Mukherjee G, Sen N, Spitzer TL, Giudice LC, Greene WC, Roan NR. HIV efficiently infects T cells from the endometrium and remodels them to promote systemic viral spread. eLife 2020. PMID: 32452381


  34. Hsiao F, Frouard J, Gramatica A, Xie G, Telwatte S, Lee GQ, Roychoudhury P, Schwarzer R, Luo X, Yukl SA, Lee S, Hoh R, Deeks SG, Jones RB, Cavrois M, Greene WC, Roan NR. Tissue memory CD4+ T cells expressing IL-7 receptor-alpha (CD127) preferentially support latent HIV-1 infection. PLoS pathogens 2020. PMID: 32353080


  35. George AF, Jang KS, Nyegaard M, Neidleman J, Spitzer TL, Xie G, Chen JC, Herzig E, Laustsen A, Marques de Menezes EG, Houshdaran S, Pilcher CD, Norris PJ, Jakobsen MR, Greene WC, Giudice LC, Roan NR. Seminal plasma promotes decidualization of endometrial stromal fibroblasts in vitro from women with and without inflammatory disorders in a manner dependent on interleukin-11 signaling. Human reproduction (Oxford, England) 2020. PMID: 32219408


  36. Schwarzer R, Gramatica A, Greene WC. Reduce and Control: A Combinatorial Strategy for Achieving Sustained HIV Remissions in the Absence of Antiretroviral Therapy. Viruses 2020. PMID: 32046251


  37. Luo X, Herzig E, Doitsh G, Grimmett ZW, Muñoz-Arias I, Greene WC. HIV-2 depletes CD4 T cells through pyroptosis despite Vpx-dependent degradation of SAMHD1. Journal of virology 2019. PMID: 31578293


  38. Telwatte S, Morón-López S, Aran D, Kim P, Hsieh C, Joshi S, Montano M, Greene WC, Butte AJ, Wong JK, Yukl SA. Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency. Retrovirology 2019. PMID: 31711503


  39. Herzig E, Kim KC, Packard TA, Vardi N, Schwarzer R, Gramatica A, Deeks SG, Williams SR, Landgraf K, Killeen N, Martin DW, Weinberger LS, Greene WC. Attacking Latent HIV with convertibleCAR-T Cells, a Highly Adaptable Killing Platform. Cell 2019. PMID: 31668804


  40. Mainzer C, Packard T, Bordes S, Closs B, Greene WC, Elias PM, Uchida Y. Tissue microenvironment initiates an immune response to structural components of S. aureus. Experimental dermatology 2018. PMID: 30566255


  41. Pulugulla SH, Packard TA, Galloway NLK, Grimmett ZW, Doitsh G, Adamik J, Galson DL, Greene WC, Auron PE. Distinct mechanisms regulate IL1B gene transcription in lymphoid CD4 T cells and monocytes. Cytokine 2018. PMID: 30300855


  42. Martin JW, Chen JC, Neidleman J, Tatsumi K, Hu J, Giudice LC, Greene WC, Roan NR. Potent and rapid activation of tropomyosin-receptor kinase A in endometrial stromal fibroblasts by seminal plasma. Biology of reproduction 2018. PMID: 29518187


  43. Battivelli E, Dahabieh MS, Abdel-Mohsen M, Svensson JP, Tojal Da Silva I, Cohn LB, Gramatica A, Deeks S, Greene WC, Pillai SK, Verdin E. Distinct chromatin functional states correlate with HIV latency reactivation in infected primary CD4+ T Cells. eLife 2018. PMID: 29714165


  44. Cavrois M, Banerjee T, Mukherjee G, Raman N, Hussien R, Rodriguez BA, Vasquez J, Spitzer MH, Lazarus NH, Jones JJ, Ochsenbauer C, McCune JM, Butcher EC, Arvin AM, Sen N, Greene WC, Roan NR. Mass Cytometric Analysis of HIV Entry, Replication, and Remodeling in Tissue CD4+ T Cells. Volume 20 of Issue 4. Cell reports 2017. PMID: 28746881


  45. Roan NR, Sandi-Monroy N, Kohgadai N, Usmani SM, Hamil KG, Neidleman J, Montano M, Ständker L, Röcker A, Cavrois M, Rosen J, Marson K, Smith JF, Pilcher CD, Gagsteiger F, Sakk O, O'Rand M, Lishko PV, Kirchhoff F, Münch J, Greene WC. Semen amyloids participate in spermatozoa selection and clearance. Volume 6. eLife 2017. PMID: 28653619


  46. Boehm D, Jeng M, Camus G, Gramatica A, Schwarzer R, Johnson JR, Hull PA, Montano M, Sakane N, Pagans S, Godin R, Deeks SG, Krogan NJ, Greene WC, Ott M. SMYD2-Mediated Histone Methylation Contributes to HIV-1 Latency. Volume 21 of Issue 5. Cell host & microbe 2017. PMID: 28494238


  47. Doitsh G, Galloway NL, Geng X, Yang Z, Monroe KM, Zepeda O, Hunt PW, Hatano H, Sowinski S, Muñoz-Arias I, Greene WC. Corrigendum: Cell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection. Volume 544 of Issue 7648. Nature 2017. PMID: 28329768


  48. Neidleman JA, Chen JC, Kohgadai N, Müller JA, Laustsen A, Thavachelvam K, Jang KS, Stürzel CM, Jones JJ, Ochsenbauer C, Chitre A, Somsouk M, Garcia MM, Smith JF, Greenblatt RM, Münch J, Jakobsen MR, Giudice LC, Greene WC, Roan NR. Mucosal stromal fibroblasts markedly enhance HIV infection of CD4+ T cells. Volume 13 of Issue 2. PLoS pathogens 2017. PMID: 28207890


  49. Besnard E, Hakre S, Kampmann M, Lim HW, Hosmane NN, Martin A, Bassik MC, Verschueren E, Battivelli E, Chan J, Svensson JP, Gramatica A, Conrad RJ, Ott M, Greene WC, Krogan NJ, Siliciano RF, Weissman JS, Verdin E. The mTOR Complex Controls HIV Latency. Volume 20 of Issue 6. Cell host & microbe 2016. PMID: 27978436


  50. Li P, Kaiser P, Lampiris HW, Kim P, Yukl SA, Havlir DV, Greene WC, Wong JK. Stimulating the RIG-I pathway to kill cells in the latent HIV reservoir following viral reactivation. Volume 22 of Issue 7. Nature medicine 2016. PMID: 27294875


  51. LoRicco JG, Xu CS, Neidleman J, Bergkvist M, Greene WC, Roan NR, Makhatadze GI. Gallic Acid Is an Antagonist of Semen Amyloid Fibrils That Enhance HIV-1 Infection. Volume 291 of Issue 27. The Journal of biological chemistry 2016. PMID: 27226574


  52. Doitsh G, Greene WC. Dissecting How CD4 T Cells Are Lost During HIV Infection. Volume 19 of Issue 3. Cell host & microbe 2016. PMID: 26962940


  53. Muñoz-Arias I, Doitsh G, Yang Z, Sowinski S, Ruelas D, Greene WC. Blood-Derived CD4 T Cells Naturally Resist Pyroptosis during Abortive HIV-1 Infection. Volume 18 of Issue 4. Cell host & microbe 2015. PMID: 26468749


  54. Galloway NL, Doitsh G, Monroe KM, Yang Z, Muñoz-Arias I, Levy DN, Greene WC. Cell-to-Cell Transmission of HIV-1 Is Required to Trigger Pyroptotic Death of Lymphoid-Tissue-Derived CD4 T Cells. Volume 12 of Issue 10. Cell reports 2015. PMID: 26321639


  55. Ruelas DS, Chan JK, Oh E, Heidersbach AJ, Hebbeler AM, Chavez L, Verdin E, Rape M, Greene WC. MicroRNA-155 Reinforces HIV Latency. Volume 290 of Issue 22. The Journal of biological chemistry 2015. PMID: 25873391


  56. Zirafi O, Kim KA, Roan NR, Kluge SF, Müller JA, Jiang S, Mayer B, Greene WC, Kirchhoff F, Münch J. Semen enhances HIV infectivity and impairs the antiviral efficacy of microbicides. Volume 6 of Issue 262. Science translational medicine 2014. PMID: 25391483


  57. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Greene WC. HIV-1 Fusion Assay. Volume 4 of Issue 16. Bio-protocol 2014. PMID: 27525294


  58. Yang Z, Greene WC. A new activity for SAMHD1 in HIV restriction. Volume 20 of Issue 8. Nature medicine 2014. PMID: 25100520


  59. Roan NR, Liu H, Usmani SM, Neidleman J, Müller JA, Avila-Herrera A, Gawanbacht A, Zirafi O, Chu S, Dong M, Kumar ST, Smith JF, Pollard KS, Fändrich M, Kirchhoff F, Münch J, Witkowska HE, Greene WC. Liquefaction of semen generates and later degrades a conserved semenogelin peptide that enhances HIV infection. Volume 88 of Issue 13. Journal of virology 2014. PMID: 24741080


  60. Roan NR, Chu S, Liu H, Neidleman J, Witkowska HE, Greene WC. Interaction of fibronectin with semen amyloids synergistically enhances HIV infection. Volume 210 of Issue 7. The Journal of infectious diseases 2014. PMID: 24719472


  61. Usmani SM, Zirafi O, Müller JA, Sandi-Monroy NL, Yadav JK, Meier C, Weil T, Roan NR, Greene WC, Walther P, Nilsson KP, Hammarström P, Wetzel R, Pilcher CD, Gagsteiger F, Fändrich M, Kirchhoff F, Münch J. Direct visualization of HIV-enhancing endogenous amyloid fibrils in human semen. Volume 5. Nature communications 2014. PMID: 24691351


  62. Chen JC, Johnson BA, Erikson DW, Piltonen TT, Barragan F, Chu S, Kohgadai N, Irwin JC, Greene WC, Giudice LC, Roan NR. Seminal plasma induces global transcriptomic changes associated with cell migration, proliferation and viability in endometrial epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts. Volume 29 of Issue 6. Human reproduction (Oxford, England) 2014. PMID: 24626806


  63. Doitsh G, Galloway NL, Geng X, Yang Z, Monroe KM, Zepeda O, Hunt PW, Hatano H, Sowinski S, Muñoz-Arias I, Greene WC. Cell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection. Volume 505 of Issue 7484. Nature 2014. PMID: 24356306


  64. Spina CA, Anderson J, Archin NM, Bosque A, Chan J, Famiglietti M, Greene WC, Kashuba A, Lewin SR, Margolis DM, Mau M, Ruelas D, Saleh S, Shirakawa K, Siliciano RF, Singhania A, Soto PC, Terry VH, Verdin E, Woelk C, Wooden S, Xing S, Planelles V. An in-depth comparison of latent HIV-1 reactivation in multiple cell model systems and resting CD4+ T cells from aviremic patients. Volume 9 of Issue 12. PLoS pathogens 2013. PMID: 24385908


  65. Monroe KM, Yang Z, Johnson JR, Geng X, Doitsh G, Krogan NJ, Greene WC. IFI16 DNA sensor is required for death of lymphoid CD4 T cells abortively infected with HIV. Volume 343 of Issue 6169. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2013. PMID: 24356113


  66. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Santiago ML, Derdeyn CA, Hunter E, Greene WC. Enhanced fusion and virion incorporation for HIV-1 subtype C envelope glycoproteins with compact V1/V2 domains. Volume 88 of Issue 4. Journal of virology 2013. PMID: 24335304


  67. Greene WC. Solutions to global health challenges: no more Band-Aids. Volume 123 of Issue 11. The Journal of clinical investigation 2013. PMID: 24177468


  68. Chan JK, Bhattacharyya D, Lassen KG, Ruelas D, Greene WC. Calcium/calcineurin synergizes with prostratin to promote NF-?B dependent activation of latent HIV. Volume 8 of Issue 10. PloS one 2013. PMID: 24204950


  69. Ruelas DS, Greene WC. An integrated overview of HIV-1 latency. Volume 155 of Issue 3. Cell 2013. PMID: 24243012


  70. Webster B, Ott M, Greene WC. Evasion of superinfection exclusion and elimination of primary viral RNA by an adapted strain of hepatitis C virus. Volume 87 of Issue 24. Journal of virology 2013. PMID: 24089557


  71. Vogt DA, Camus G, Herker E, Webster BR, Tsou CL, Greene WC, Yen TS, Ott M. Lipid droplet-binding protein TIP47 regulates hepatitis C Virus RNA replication through interaction with the viral NS5A protein. Volume 9 of Issue 4. PLoS pathogens 2013. PMID: 23593007


  72. Webster B, Wissing S, Herker E, Ott M, Greene WC. Rapid intracellular competition between hepatitis C viral genomes as a result of mitosis. Volume 87 of Issue 1. Journal of virology 2012. PMID: 23097449


  73. Roan NR, Cavrois M, Greene WC. [Role of semen-derived amyloid fibrils as facilitators of HIV infection]. Volume 28 of Issue 4. Medecine sciences : M/S 2012. PMID: 22549858


  74. Chan JK, Greene WC. Dynamic roles for NF-?B in HTLV-I and HIV-1 retroviral pathogenesis. Volume 246 of Issue 1. Immunological reviews 2012. PMID: 22435562


  75. Pillai SK, Abdel-Mohsen M, Guatelli J, Skasko M, Monto A, Fujimoto K, Yukl S, Greene WC, Kovari H, Rauch A, Fellay J, Battegay M, Hirschel B, Witteck A, Bernasconi E, Ledergerber B, Günthard HF, Wong JK. Role of retroviral restriction factors in the interferon-a-mediated suppression of HIV-1 in vivo. Volume 109 of Issue 8. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012. PMID: 22315404


  76. Lassen KG, Hebbeler AM, Bhattacharyya D, Lobritz MA, Greene WC. A flexible model of HIV-1 latency permitting evaluation of many primary CD4 T-cell reservoirs. Volume 7 of Issue 1. PloS one 2012. PMID: 22291913


  77. Tugizov SM, Herrera R, Veluppillai P, Greenspan D, Soros V, Greene WC, Levy JA, Palefsky JM. Differential transmission of HIV traversing fetal oral/intestinal epithelia and adult oral epithelia. Volume 86 of Issue 5. Journal of virology 2011. PMID: 22205732


  78. Roan NR, Müller JA, Liu H, Chu S, Arnold F, Stürzel CM, Walther P, Dong M, Witkowska HE, Kirchhoff F, Münch J, Greene WC. Peptides released by physiological cleavage of semen coagulum proteins form amyloids that enhance HIV infection. Volume 10 of Issue 6. Cell host & microbe 2011. PMID: 22177559


  79. Arnold F, Schnell J, Zirafi O, Stürzel C, Meier C, Weil T, Ständker L, Forssmann WG, Roan NR, Greene WC, Kirchhoff F, Münch J. Naturally occurring fragments from two distinct regions of the prostatic acid phosphatase form amyloidogenic enhancers of HIV infection. Volume 86 of Issue 2. Journal of virology 2011. PMID: 22090109


  80. Wissing S, Muñoz-Lopez M, Macia A, Yang Z, Montano M, Collins W, Garcia-Perez JL, Moran JV, Greene WC. Reprogramming somatic cells into iPS cells activates LINE-1 retroelement mobility. Volume 21 of Issue 1. Human molecular genetics 2011. PMID: 21989055


  81. Smith DS, Guo K, Barrett BS, Heilman KJ, Evans LH, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC, Santiago ML. Noninfectious retrovirus particles drive the APOBEC3/Rfv3 dependent neutralizing antibody response. Volume 7 of Issue 10. PLoS pathogens 2011. PMID: 21998583


  82. Siliciano RF, Greene WC. HIV latency. Volume 1 of Issue 1. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine 2011. PMID: 22229121


  83. Wissing S, Montano M, Garcia-Perez JL, Moran JV, Greene WC. Endogenous APOBEC3B restricts LINE-1 retrotransposition in transformed cells and human embryonic stem cells. Volume 286 of Issue 42. The Journal of biological chemistry 2011. PMID: 21878639


  84. Sakane N, Kwon HS, Pagans S, Kaehlcke K, Mizusawa Y, Kamada M, Lassen KG, Chan J, Greene WC, Schnoelzer M, Ott M. Activation of HIV transcription by the viral Tat protein requires a demethylation step mediated by lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1). Volume 7 of Issue 8. PLoS pathogens 2011. PMID: 21876670


  85. Chan JK, Greene WC. NF-?B/Rel: agonist and antagonist roles in HIV-1 latency. Volume 6 of Issue 1. Current opinion in HIV and AIDS 2011. PMID: 21242888


  86. Doitsh G, Cavrois M, Lassen KG, Zepeda O, Yang Z, Santiago ML, Hebbeler AM, Greene WC. Abortive HIV infection mediates CD4 T cell depletion and inflammation in human lymphoid tissue. Volume 143 of Issue 5. Cell 2010. PMID: 21111238


  87. Tugizov SM, Herrera R, Veluppillai P, Greenspan D, Soros V, Greene WC, Levy JA, Palefsky JM. HIV is inactivated after transepithelial migration via adult oral epithelial cells but not fetal epithelial cells. Volume 409 of Issue 2. Virology 2010. PMID: 21056450


  88. Santiago ML, Smith DS, Barrett BS, Montano M, Benitez RL, Pelanda R, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC. Persistent Friend virus replication and disease in Apobec3-deficient mice expressing functional B-cell-activating factor receptor. Volume 85 of Issue 1. Journal of virology 2010. PMID: 20980520


  89. Lassen KG, Wissing S, Lobritz MA, Santiago M, Greene WC. Identification of two APOBEC3F splice variants displaying HIV-1 antiviral activity and contrasting sensitivity to Vif. Volume 285 of Issue 38. The Journal of biological chemistry 2010. PMID: 20624919


  90. Kim KA, Yolamanova M, Zirafi O, Roan NR, Staendker L, Forssmann WG, Burgener A, Dejucq-Rainsford N, Hahn BH, Shaw GM, Greene WC, Kirchhoff F, Münch J. Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection is donor-dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI. Volume 7. Retrovirology 2010. PMID: 20573198


  91. Santiago ML, Benitez RL, Montano M, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC. Innate retroviral restriction by Apobec3 promotes antibody affinity maturation in vivo. Volume 185 of Issue 2. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2010. PMID: 20566830


  92. Wissing S, Galloway NL, Greene WC. HIV-1 Vif versus the APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases: an intracellular duel between pathogen and host restriction factors. Volume 31 of Issue 5. Molecular aspects of medicine 2010. PMID: 20538015


  93. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Galloway N, Derdeyn CA, Hunter E, Greene WC. Measuring HIV fusion mediated by envelopes from primary viral isolates. Volume 53 of Issue 1. Methods (San Diego, Calif.) 2010. PMID: 20554044


  94. Roan NR, Sowinski S, Münch J, Kirchhoff F, Greene WC. Aminoquinoline surfen inhibits the action of SEVI (semen-derived enhancer of viral infection). Volume 285 of Issue 3. The Journal of biological chemistry 2009. PMID: 19897482


  95. Chiu YL, Greene WC. APOBEC3G: an intracellular centurion. Volume 364 of Issue 1517. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 2009. PMID: 19008196


  96. Richman DD, Margolis DM, Delaney M, Greene WC, Hazuda D, Pomerantz RJ. The challenge of finding a cure for HIV infection. Volume 323 of Issue 5919. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2009. PMID: 19265012


  97. Michel N, Goffinet C, Ganter K, Allespach I, Kewalramani VN, Saifuddin M, Littman DR, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA, Keppler OT. Human cyclin T1 expression ameliorates a T-cell-specific transcriptional limitation for HIV in transgenic rats, but is not sufficient for a spreading infection of prototypic R5 HIV-1 strains ex vivo. Volume 6. Retrovirology 2009. PMID: 19144136


  98. Abbadessa G, Accolla R, Aiuti F, Albini A, Aldovini A, Alfano M, Antonelli G, Bartholomew C, Bentwich Z, Bertazzoni U, Berzofsky JA, Biberfeld P, Boeri E, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Bukrinsky M, Burny A, Caruso A, Cassol S, Chandra P, Ceccherini-Nelli L, Chieco-Bianchi L, Clerici M, Colombini-Hatch S, de Giuli Morghen C, de Maria A, de Rossi A, Dierich M, Della-Favera R, Dolei A, Douek D, Erfle V, Felber B, Fiorentini S, Franchini G, Gershoni JM, Gotch F, Green P, Greene WC, Hall W, Haseltine W, Jacobson S, Kallings LO, Kalyanaraman VS, Katinger H, Khalili K, Klein G, Klein E, Klotman M, Klotman P, Kotler M, Kurth R, Lafeuillade A, La Placa M, Lewis J, Lillo F, Lisziewicz J, Lomonico A, Lopalco L, Lori F, Lusso P, Macchi B, Malim M, Margolis L, Markham PD, McClure M, Miller N, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Noonan D, O'Brien S, Okamoto T, Pal R, Palese P, Panet A, Pantaleo G, Pavlakis G, Pistello M, Plotkin S, Poli G, Pomerantz R, Radaelli A, Robertguroff M, Roederer M, Sarngadharan MG, Schols D, Secchiero P, Shearer G, Siccardi A, Stevenson M, Svoboda J, Tartaglia J, Torelli G, Tornesello ML, Tschachler E, Vaccarezza M, Vallbracht A, van Lunzen J, Varnier O, Vicenzi E, von Melchner H, Witz I, Zagury D, Zagury JF, Zauli G, Zipeto D. Unsung hero Robert C. Gallo. Volume 323 of Issue 5911. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2009. PMID: 19131607


  99. LaRue RS, Andrésdóttir V, Blanchard Y, Conticello SG, Derse D, Emerman M, Greene WC, Jónsson SR, Landau NR, Löchelt M, Malik HS, Malim MH, Münk C, O'Brien SJ, Pathak VK, Strebel K, Wain-Hobson S, Yu XF, Yuhki N, Harris RS. Guidelines for naming nonprimate APOBEC3 genes and proteins. Volume 83 of Issue 2. Journal of virology 2008. PMID: 18987154


  100. Roan NR, Münch J, Arhel N, Mothes W, Neidleman J, Kobayashi A, Smith-McCune K, Kirchhoff F, Greene WC. The cationic properties of SEVI underlie its ability to enhance human immunodeficiency virus infection. Volume 83 of Issue 1. Journal of virology 2008. PMID: 18945786


  101. Greene WC, Debyser Z, Ikeda Y, Freed EO, Stephens E, Yonemoto W, Buckheit RW, Esté JA, Cihlar T. Novel targets for HIV therapy. Volume 80 of Issue 3. Antiviral research 2008. PMID: 18789977


  102. Santiago ML, Montano M, Benitez R, Messer RJ, Yonemoto W, Chesebro B, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC. Apobec3 encodes Rfv3, a gene influencing neutralizing antibody control of retrovirus infection. Volume 321 of Issue 5894. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2008. PMID: 18772436


  103. Fauci AS, Johnston MI, Dieffenbach CW, Burton DR, Hammer SM, Hoxie JA, Martin M, Overbaugh J, Watkins DI, Mahmoud A, Greene WC. HIV vaccine research: the way forward. Volume 321 of Issue 5888. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2008. PMID: 18653883


  104. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Greene WC. The achilles heel of the trojan horse model of HIV-1 trans-infection. Volume 4 of Issue 6. PLoS pathogens 2008. PMID: 18584030


  105. Kwon HS, Brent MM, Getachew R, Jayakumar P, Chen LF, Schnolzer M, McBurney MW, Marmorstein R, Greene WC, Ott M. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein inhibits the SIRT1 deacetylase and induces T cell hyperactivation. Volume 3 of Issue 3. Cell host & microbe 2008. PMID: 18329615


  106. Chiu YL, Greene WC. The APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases: an innate defensive network opposing exogenous retroviruses and endogenous retroelements. Volume 26. Annual review of immunology 2008. PMID: 18304004


  107. Roan NR, Greene WC. A seminal finding for understanding HIV transmission. Volume 131 of Issue 6. Cell 2007. PMID: 18083095


  108. Greene WC. A history of AIDS: looking back to see ahead. Volume 37 Suppl 1. European journal of immunology 2007. PMID: 17972351


  109. Goffinet C, Michel N, Allespach I, Tervo HM, Hermann V, Kräusslich HG, Greene WC, Keppler OT. Primary T-cells from human CD4/CCR5-transgenic rats support all early steps of HIV-1 replication including integration, but display impaired viral gene expression. Volume 4. Retrovirology 2007. PMID: 17655755


  110. Williams SA, Greene WC. Regulation of HIV-1 latency by T-cell activation. Volume 39 of Issue 1. Cytokine 2007. PMID: 17643313


  111. Ellery PJ, Tippett E, Chiu YL, Paukovics G, Cameron PU, Solomon A, Lewin SR, Gorry PR, Jaworowski A, Greene WC, Sonza S, Crowe SM. The CD16+ monocyte subset is more permissive to infection and preferentially harbors HIV-1 in vivo. Volume 178 of Issue 10. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2007. PMID: 17475889


  112. Williams SA, Kwon H, Chen LF, Greene WC. Sustained induction of NF-kappa B is required for efficient expression of latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Volume 81 of Issue 11. Journal of virology 2007. PMID: 17376917


  113. Soros VB, Greene WC. APOBEC3G and HIV-1: strike and counterstrike. Volume 4 of Issue 1. Current HIV/AIDS reports 2007. PMID: 17338854


  114. Soros VB, Yonemoto W, Greene WC. Newly synthesized APOBEC3G is incorporated into HIV virions, inhibited by HIV RNA, and subsequently activated by RNase H. Volume 3 of Issue 2. PLoS pathogens 2007. PMID: 17291161


  115. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Kreisberg JF, Greene WC. In vitro derived dendritic cells trans-infect CD4 T cells primarily with surface-bound HIV-1 virions. Volume 3 of Issue 1. PLoS pathogens 2007. PMID: 17238285


  116. Stopak KS, Chiu YL, Kropp J, Grant RM, Greene WC. Distinct patterns of cytokine regulation of APOBEC3G expression and activity in primary lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Volume 282 of Issue 6. The Journal of biological chemistry 2006. PMID: 17110377


  117. Ahuja SK, Aiuti F, Berkhout B, Biberfeld P, Burton DR, Colizzi V, Deeks SG, Desrosiers RC, Dierich MP, Doms RW, Emerman M, Gallo RC, Girard M, Greene WC, Hoxie JA, Hunter E, Klein G, Korber B, Kuritzkes DR, Lederman MM, Malim MH, Marx PA, McCune JM, McMichael A, Miller C, Miller V, Montagnier L, Montefiori DC, Moore JP, Nixon DF, Overbaugh J, Pauza CD, Richman DD, Saag MS, Sattentau Q, Schooley RT, Shattock R, Shaw GM, Stevenson M, Trkola A, Wainberg MA, Weiss RA, Wolinsky S, Zack JA. A plea for justice for jailed medical workers. Volume 314 of Issue 5801. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2006. PMID: 17062652


  118. Chiu YL, Witkowska HE, Hall SC, Santiago M, Soros VB, Esnault C, Heidmann T, Greene WC. High-molecular-mass APOBEC3G complexes restrict Alu retrotransposition. Volume 103 of Issue 42. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006. PMID: 17030807


  119. O'Mahony A, Raber J, Montano M, Foehr E, Han V, Lu SM, Kwon H, LeFevour A, Chakraborty-Sett S, Greene WC. NF-kappaB/Rel regulates inhibitory and excitatory neuronal function and synaptic plasticity. Volume 26 of Issue 19. Molecular and cellular biology 2006. PMID: 16980629


  120. Zimmerman ES, Sherman MP, Blackett JL, Neidleman JA, Kreis C, Mundt P, Williams SA, Warmerdam M, Kahn J, Hecht FM, Grant RM, de Noronha CM, Weyrich AS, Greene WC, Planelles V. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces DNA replication stress in vitro and in vivo. Volume 80 of Issue 21. Journal of virology 2006. PMID: 16956949


  121. Soros VB, Greene WC. APOBEC3G and HIV-1: strike and counterstrike. Volume 8 of Issue 4. Current infectious disease reports 2006. PMID: 16822376


  122. Chiu YL, Greene WC. Multifaceted antiviral actions of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases. Volume 27 of Issue 6. Trends in immunology 2006. PMID: 16678488


  123. Kreisberg JF, Yonemoto W, Greene WC. Endogenous factors enhance HIV infection of tissue naive CD4 T cells by stimulating high molecular mass APOBEC3G complex formation. Volume 203 of Issue 4. The Journal of experimental medicine 2006. PMID: 16606671


  124. Chandrasekar B, Mummidi S, Mahimainathan L, Patel DN, Bailey SR, Imam SZ, Greene WC, Valente AJ. Interleukin-18-induced human coronary artery smooth muscle cell migration is dependent on NF-kappaB- and AP-1-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and is inhibited by atorvastatin. Volume 281 of Issue 22. The Journal of biological chemistry 2006. PMID: 16554298


  125. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Kreisberg JF, Fenard D, Callebaut C, Greene WC. Human immunodeficiency virus fusion to dendritic cells declines as cells mature. Volume 80 of Issue 4. Journal of virology 2006. PMID: 16439555


  126. Chiu YL, Greene WC. APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases: distinct antiviral actions along the retroviral life cycle. Volume 281 of Issue 13. The Journal of biological chemistry 2005. PMID: 16407183


  127. Williams SA, Chen LF, Kwon H, Ruiz-Jarabo CM, Verdin E, Greene WC. NF-kappaB p50 promotes HIV latency through HDAC recruitment and repression of transcriptional initiation. Volume 25 of Issue 1. The EMBO journal 2005. PMID: 16319923


  128. Fenard D, Yonemoto W, de Noronha C, Cavrois M, Williams SA, Greene WC. Nef is physically recruited into the immunological synapse and potentiates T cell activation early after TCR engagement. Volume 175 of Issue 9. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2005. PMID: 16237100


  129. Chen LF, Williams SA, Mu Y, Nakano H, Duerr JM, Buckbinder L, Greene WC. NF-kappaB RelA phosphorylation regulates RelA acetylation. Volume 25 of Issue 18. Molecular and cellular biology 2005. PMID: 16135789


  130. Kwon H, Ogle L, Benitez B, Bohuslav J, Montano M, Felsher DW, Greene WC. Lethal cutaneous disease in transgenic mice conditionally expressing type I human T cell leukemia virus Tax. Volume 280 of Issue 42. The Journal of biological chemistry 2005. PMID: 16105841


  131. Chen LF, Greene WC. Assessing acetylation of NF-kappaB. Volume 36 of Issue 4. Methods (San Diego, Calif.) 2005. PMID: 16111893


  132. Williams SA, Greene WC. Host factors regulating post-integration latency of HIV. Volume 13 of Issue 4. Trends in microbiology 2005. PMID: 15817380


  133. Stopak K, Greene WC. Protecting APOBEC3G: a potential new target for HIV drug discovery. Volume 6 of Issue 2. Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000) 2005. PMID: 15751736


  134. Keppler OT, Allespach I, Schüller L, Fenard D, Greene WC, Fackler OT. Rodent cells support key functions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 pathogenicity factor Nef. Volume 79 of Issue 3. Journal of virology 2005. PMID: 15650191


  135. Yonezawa A, Cavrois M, Greene WC. Studies of ebola virus glycoprotein-mediated entry and fusion by using pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions: involvement of cytoskeletal proteins and enhancement by tumor necrosis factor alpha. Volume 79 of Issue 2. Journal of virology 2005. PMID: 15613320


  136. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Yonemoto W, Fenard D, Greene WC. HIV-1 virion fusion assay: uncoating not required and no effect of Nef on fusion. Volume 328 of Issue 1. Virology 2004. PMID: 15380356


  137. Greene WC. The brightening future of HIV therapeutics. Volume 5 of Issue 9. Nature immunology 2004. PMID: 15334078


  138. Greene WC. Redistricting the retroviral restriction factors. Volume 10 of Issue 8. Nature medicine 2004. PMID: 15286773


  139. Williams SA, Chen LF, Kwon H, Fenard D, Bisgrove D, Verdin E, Greene WC. Prostratin antagonizes HIV latency by activating NF-kappaB. Volume 279 of Issue 40. The Journal of biological chemistry 2004. PMID: 15284245


  140. Chen LF, Greene WC. Shaping the nuclear action of NF-kappaB. Volume 5 of Issue 5. Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology 2004. PMID: 15122352


  141. Bohuslav J, Chen LF, Kwon H, Mu Y, Greene WC. p53 induces NF-kappaB activation by an IkappaB kinase-independent mechanism involving phosphorylation of p65 by ribosomal S6 kinase 1. Volume 279 of Issue 25. The Journal of biological chemistry 2004. PMID: 15073170


  142. O'Mahony AM, Montano M, Van Beneden K, Chen LF, Greene WC. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 tax induction of biologically Active NF-kappaB requires IkappaB kinase-1-mediated phosphorylation of RelA/p65. Volume 279 of Issue 18. The Journal of biological chemistry 2004. PMID: 14963024


  143. Schaeffer E, Soros VB, Greene WC. Compensatory link between fusion and endocytosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human CD4 T lymphocytes. Volume 78 of Issue 3. Journal of virology 2004. PMID: 14722292


  144. Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Bigos M, Greene WC. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based HIV-1 virion fusion assay. Volume 263. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 2004. PMID: 14976375


  145. Greene WC. How resting T cells deMURR HIV infection. Volume 5 of Issue 1. Nature immunology 2004. PMID: 14699403


  146. Greene WC, Chen LF. Regulation of NF-kappaB action by reversible acetylation. Volume 259. Novartis Foundation symposium 2004. PMID: 15171256


  147. Stopak K, de Noronha C, Yonemoto W, Greene WC. HIV-1 Vif blocks the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G by impairing both its translation and intracellular stability. Volume 12 of Issue 3. Molecular cell 2003. PMID: 14527406


  148. Chen LF, Greene WC. Regulation of distinct biological activities of the NF-kappaB transcription factor complex by acetylation. Volume 81 of Issue 9. Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) 2003. PMID: 12920522


  149. Zander K, Sherman MP, Tessmer U, Bruns K, Wray V, Prechtel AT, Schubert E, Henklein P, Luban J, Neidleman J, Greene WC, Schubert U. Cyclophilin A interacts with HIV-1 Vpr and is required for its functional expression. Volume 278 of Issue 44. The Journal of biological chemistry 2003. PMID: 12881522


  150. Sherman MP, de Noronha CM, Eckstein LA, Hataye J, Mundt P, Williams SA, Neidleman JA, Goldsmith MA, Greene WC. Nuclear export of Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in tissue macrophages. Volume 77 of Issue 13. Journal of virology 2003. PMID: 12805458


  151. Stoddart CA, Geleziunas R, Ferrell S, Linquist-Stepps V, Moreno ME, Bare C, Xu W, Yonemoto W, Bresnahan PA, McCune JM, Greene WC. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef-mediated downregulation of CD4 correlates with Nef enhancement of viral pathogenesis. Volume 77 of Issue 3. Journal of virology 2003. PMID: 12525647


  152. Chen LF, Mu Y, Greene WC. Acetylation of RelA at discrete sites regulates distinct nuclear functions of NF-kappaB. The EMBO journal 2002. PMID: 12456660


  153. Sherman MP, Schubert U, Williams SA, de Noronha CM, Kreisberg JF, Henklein P, Greene WC. HIV-1 Vpr displays natural protein-transducing properties: implications for viral pathogenesis. Virology 2002. PMID: 12429519


  154. Cavrois M, De Noronha C, Greene WC. A sensitive and specific enzyme-based assay detecting HIV-1 virion fusion in primary T lymphocytes. Nature biotechnology 2002. PMID: 12355096


  155. Sherman MP, De Noronha CM, Williams SA, Greene WC. Insights into the biology of HIV-1 viral protein R. DNA and cell biology 2002. PMID: 12396611


  156. Greene WC, Peterlin BM. Charting HIV's remarkable voyage through the cell: Basic science as a passport to future therapy. Volume 8 of Issue 7. Nature medicine 2002. PMID: 12091904


  157. Sherman MP, Greene WC. Slipping through the door: HIV entry into the nucleus. Microbes and infection 2002. PMID: 11825777


  158. Eckstein DA, Sherman MP, Penn ML, Chin PS, De Noronha CM, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA. HIV-1 Vpr enhances viral burden by facilitating infection of tissue macrophages but not nondividing CD4+ T cells. The Journal of experimental medicine 2001. PMID: 11714748


  159. de Noronha CM, Sherman MP, Lin HW, Cavrois MV, Moir RD, Goldman RD, Greene WC. Dynamic disruptions in nuclear envelope architecture and integrity induced by HIV-1 Vpr. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2001. PMID: 11691994


  160. . Duration of nuclear NF-kappaB action regulated by reversible acetylation. Volume 293 of Issue 5535. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2001. PMID: 11533489


  161. Geleziunas R, Xu W, Takeda K, Ichijo H, Greene WC. HIV-1 Nef inhibits ASK1-dependent death signalling providing a potential mechanism for protecting the infected host cell. Volume 410 of Issue 6830. Nature 2001. PMID: 11298454


  162. Schaeffer E, Geleziunas R, Greene WC. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef functions at the level of virus entry by enhancing cytoplasmic delivery of virions. Journal of virology 2001. PMID: 11222724


  163. Sherman MP, de Noronha CM, Heusch MI, Greene S, Greene WC. Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr. Journal of virology 2001. PMID: 11152524


  164. Foehr ED, Bohuslav J, Chen LF, DeNoronha C, Geleziunas R, Lin X, O'Mahony A, Greene WC. The NF-kappa B-inducing kinase induces PC12 cell differentiation and prevents apoptosis. The Journal of biological chemistry 2000. PMID: 10980190


  165. Foehr ED, Lin X, O'Mahony A, Geleziunas R, Bradshaw RA, Greene WC. NF-kappa B signaling promotes both cell survival and neurite process formation in nerve growth factor-stimulated PC12 cells. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2000. PMID: 11027214


  166. Henklein P, Bruns K, Sherman MP, Tessmer U, Licha K, Kopp J, de Noronha CM, Greene WC, Wray V, Schubert U. Functional and structural characterization of synthetic HIV-1 Vpr that transduces cells, localizes to the nucleus, and induces G2 cell cycle arrest. Volume 275 of Issue 41. The Journal of biological chemistry 2000. PMID: 10903315


  167. Lin L, DeMartino GN, Greene WC. Cotranslational dimerization of the Rel homology domain of NF-kappaB1 generates p50-p105 heterodimers and is required for effective p50 production. The EMBO journal 2000. PMID: 10970863


  168. Sherman MP, de Noronha CM, Pearce D, Greene WC. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr contains two leucine-rich helices that mediate glucocorticoid receptor coactivation independently of its effects on G(2) cell cycle arrest. Journal of virology 2000. PMID: 10933727


  169. Lin X, O'Mahony A, Mu Y, Geleziunas R, Greene WC. Protein kinase C-theta participates in NF-kappaB activation induced by CD3-CD28 costimulation through selective activation of IkappaB kinase beta. Molecular and cellular biology 2000. PMID: 10733597


  170. O'Mahony A, Lin X, Geleziunas R, Greene WC. Activation of the heterodimeric IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha)-IKKbeta complex is directional: IKKalpha regulates IKKbeta under both basal and stimulated conditions. Molecular and cellular biology 2000. PMID: 10648602


  171. Heusch M, Lin L, Geleziunas R, Greene WC. The generation of nfkb2 p52: mechanism and efficiency. Oncogene 1999. PMID: 10597218


  172. Bresnahan PA, Yonemoto W, Greene WC. Cutting edge: SIV Nef protein utilizes both leucine- and tyrosine-based protein sorting pathways for down-regulation of CD4. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1999. PMID: 10477559


  173. Lin X, Cunningham ET, Mu Y, Geleziunas R, Greene WC. The proto-oncogene Cot kinase participates in CD3/CD28 induction of NF-kappaB acting through the NF-kappaB-inducing kinase and IkappaB kinases. Immunity 1999. PMID: 10072079


  174. Jenkins Y, McEntee M, Weis K, Greene WC. Characterization of HIV-1 vpr nuclear import: analysis of signals and pathways. The Journal of cell biology 1998. PMID: 9817747


  175. Bresnahan PA, Yonemoto W, Ferrell S, Williams-Herman D, Geleziunas R, Greene WC. A dileucine motif in HIV-1 Nef acts as an internalization signal for CD4 downregulation and binds the AP-1 clathrin adaptor. Current biology : CB 1998. PMID: 9811606


  176. Lin X, Mu Y, Cunningham ET, Marcu KB, Geleziunas R, Greene WC. Molecular determinants of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase action. Molecular and cellular biology 1998. PMID: 9742107


  177. Liegler TJ, Yonemoto W, Elbeik T, Vittinghoff E, Buchbinder SP, Greene WC. Diminished spontaneous apoptosis in lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus-infected long-term nonprogressors. The Journal of infectious diseases 1998. PMID: 9728534


  178. Geleziunas R, Ferrell S, Lin X, Mu Y, Cunningham ET, Grant M, Connelly MA, Hambor JE, Marcu KB, Greene WC. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax induction of NF-kappaB involves activation of the IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha) and IKKbeta cellular kinases. Molecular and cellular biology 1998. PMID: 9710600


  179. Lin L, DeMartino GN, Greene WC. Cotranslational biogenesis of NF-kappaB p50 by the 26S proteasome. Cell 1998. PMID: 9529257


  180. Liu KD, Gaffen SL, Goldsmith MA, Greene WC. Janus kinases in interleukin-2-mediated signaling: JAK1 and JAK3 are differentially regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. Volume 7 of Issue 11. Current biology : CB 1997. PMID: 9382798


  181. Ghoda L, Lin X, Greene WC. The 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (pp90rsk) phosphorylates the N-terminal regulatory domain of IkappaBalpha and stimulates its degradation in vitro. Volume 272 of Issue 34. The Journal of biological chemistry 1997. PMID: 9261139


  182. Miller MD, Warmerdam MT, Ferrell SS, Benitez R, Greene WC. Intravirion generation of the C-terminal core domain of HIV-1 Nef by the HIV-1 protease is insufficient to enhance viral infectivity. Volume 234 of Issue 2. Virology 1997. PMID: 9268152


  183. Powell DM, Amaral MC, Wu JY, Maniatis T, Greene WC. HIV Rev-dependent binding of SF2/ASF to the Rev response element: possible role in Rev-mediated inhibition of HIV RNA splicing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997. PMID: 9023367


  184. Tie F, Adya N, Greene WC, Giam CZ. Interaction of the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax dimer with CREB and the viral 21-base-pair repeat. Volume 70 of Issue 12. Journal of virology 1996. PMID: 8970957


  185. Geleziunas R, Miller MD, Greene WC. Unraveling the function of HIV type 1 Nef. AIDS research and human retroviruses 1996. PMID: 8947291


  186. Shapiro VS, Mollenauer MN, Greene WC, Weiss A. c-rel regulation of IL-2 gene expression may be mediated through activation of AP-1. The Journal of experimental medicine 1996. PMID: 8920856


  187. Gaffen SL, Lai SY, Ha M, Liu X, Hennighausen L, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA. Distinct tyrosine residues within the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain drive signal transduction specificity, redundancy, and diversity. Volume 271 of Issue 35. The Journal of biological chemistry 1996. PMID: 8702919


  188. Kim JH, McLinden RJ, Mosca JD, Vahey MT, Greene WC, Redfield RR. Inhibition of HIV replication by sense and antisense rev response elements in HIV-based retroviral vectors. Volume 12 of Issue 4. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association 1996. PMID: 8673542


  189. Liu KD, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA. The alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor determines the species specificity of high-affinity IL-2 binding. Cytokine 1996. PMID: 8894436


  190. Greene WC. Denying HIV safe haven. Volume 334 of Issue 19. The New England journal of medicine 1996. PMID: 8606724


  191. Hsu DK, Hammes SR, Kuwabara I, Greene WC, Liu FT. Human T lymphotropic virus-I infection of human T lymphocytes induces expression of the beta-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin-3. Volume 148 of Issue 5. The American journal of pathology 1996. PMID: 8623933


  192. Miller MD, Greene WC. Is the Nef protein of HIV-1 required for pathogenesis? Trends in microbiology 1996. PMID: 8727595


  193. Sun S, Elwood J, Greene WC. Both amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequences within I kappa B alpha regulate its inducible degradation. Volume 16 of Issue 3. Molecular and cellular biology 1996. PMID: 8622650


  194. Lai SY, Xu W, Gaffen SL, Liu KD, Longmore GD, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA. The molecular role of the common gamma c subunit in signal transduction reveals functional asymmetry within multimeric cytokine receptor complexes. Volume 93 of Issue 1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996. PMID: 8552611


  195. Béraud C, Greene WC. Interaction of HTLV-I Tax with the human proteasome: implications for NF-kappa B induction. Volume 13 Suppl 1. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association 1996. PMID: 8797708


  196. Evans GA, Goldsmith MA, Johnston JA, Xu W, Weiler SR, Erwin R, Howard OM, Abraham RT, O'Shea JJ, Greene WC. Analysis of interleukin-2-dependent signal transduction through the Shc/Grb2 adapter pathway. Interleukin-2-dependent mitogenesis does not require Shc phosphorylation or receptor association. Volume 270 of Issue 48. The Journal of biological chemistry 1995. PMID: 7499411


  197. Greene WC. Predicting progression to AIDS. Volume 123 of Issue 9. Annals of internal medicine 1995. PMID: 7574230


  198. Liu KD, Lai SY, Goldsmith MA, Greene WC. Identification of a variable region within the cytoplasmic tail of the IL-2 receptor beta chain that is required for growth signal transduction. The Journal of biological chemistry 1995. PMID: 7545674


  199. Goldsmith MA, Lai SY, Xu W, Amaral MC, Kuczek ES, Parent LJ, Mills GB, Tarr KL, Longmore GD, Greene WC. Growth signal transduction by the human interleukin-2 receptor requires cytoplasmic tyrosines of the beta chain and non-tyrosine residues of the gamma c chain. The Journal of biological chemistry 1995. PMID: 7665592


  200. Gaffen SL, Lai SY, Xu W, Gouilleux F, Groner B, Goldsmith MA, Greene WC. Signaling through the interleukin 2 receptor beta chain activates a STAT-5-like DNA-binding activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1995. PMID: 7543676


  201. Goldsmith MA, Warmerdam MT, Atchison RE, Miller MD, Greene WC. Dissociation of the CD4 downregulation and viral infectivity enhancement functions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef. Journal of virology 1995. PMID: 7769669


  202. Goldsmith MA, Amaral MC, Greene WC. Ligand binding by the IL-2 receptor is modulated by intracellular determinants of the IL-2 receptor beta-chain. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1995. PMID: 7868880


  203. Miller MD, Warmerdam MT, Page KA, Feinberg MB, Greene WC. Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nef gene during HIV-1 production increases progeny particle infectivity independently of gp160 or viral entry. Volume 69 of Issue 1. Journal of virology 1995. PMID: 7983759


  204. Sun SC, Elwood J, Béraud C, Greene WC. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax activation of NF-kappa B/Rel involves phosphorylation and degradation of I kappa B alpha and RelA (p65)-mediated induction of the c-rel gene. Molecular and cellular biology 1994. PMID: 7935451


  205. Miller MD, Feinberg MB, Greene WC. The HIV-1 nef gene acts as a positive viral infectivity factor. Volume 2 of Issue 8. Trends in microbiology 1994. PMID: 7981973


  206. Goldsmith MA, Xu W, Amaral MC, Kuczek ES, Greene WC. The cytoplasmic domain of the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain contains both unique and functionally redundant signal transduction elements. The Journal of biological chemistry 1994. PMID: 8182077


  207. Williamson P, Merida I, Greene WC, Gaulton G. The membrane proximal segment of the IL-2 receptor beta-chain acidic region is essential for IL2-dependent protein tyrosine kinase activation. Volume 8 Suppl 1. Leukemia 1994. PMID: 8152289


  208. Sun SC, Ganchi PA, Béraud C, Ballard DW, Greene WC. Autoregulation of the NF-kappa B transactivator RelA (p65) by multiple cytoplasmic inhibitors containing ankyrin motifs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994. PMID: 8108414


  209. Béraud C, Sun SC, Ganchi P, Ballard DW, Greene WC. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax associates with and is negatively regulated by the NF-kappa B2 p100 gene product: implications for viral latency. Molecular and cellular biology 1994. PMID: 8289813


  210. Miller MD, Warmerdam MT, Gaston I, Greene WC, Feinberg MB. The human immunodeficiency virus-1 nef gene product: a positive factor for viral infection and replication in primary lymphocytes and macrophages. Volume 179 of Issue 1. The Journal of experimental medicine 1994. PMID: 8270859


  211. Ganchi PA, Sun SC, Greene WC, Ballard DW. A novel NF-kappa B complex containing p65 homodimers: implications for transcriptional control at the level of subunit dimerization. Molecular and cellular biology 1993. PMID: 8246997


  212. Stein B, Baldwin AS, Ballard DW, Greene WC, Angel P, Herrlich P. Cross-coupling of the NF-kappa B p65 and Fos/Jun transcription factors produces potentiated biological function. Volume 12 of Issue 10. The EMBO journal 1993. PMID: 8404856


  213. Greene WC. AIDS and the immune system. Volume 269 of Issue 3. Scientific American 1993. PMID: 8211096


  214. Bogerd H, Greene WC. Dominant negative mutants of human T-cell leukemia virus type I Rex and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev fail to multimerize in vivo. Volume 67 of Issue 5. Journal of virology 1993. PMID: 8474155


  215. Kuziel WA, Ju G, Grdina TA, Greene WC. Unexpected effects of the IL-2 receptor alpha subunit on high affinity IL-2 receptor assembly and function detected with a mutant IL-2 analog. Volume 150 of Issue 8 Pt 1. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1993. PMID: 8468475


  216. Sun SC, Ganchi PA, Ballard DW, Greene WC. NF-kappa B controls expression of inhibitor I kappa B alpha: evidence for an inducible autoregulatory pathway. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1993. PMID: 8096091


  217. Merida I, Williamson P, Kuziel WA, Greene WC, Gaulton GN. The serine-rich cytoplasmic domain of the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain is essential for interleukin-2-dependent tyrosine protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activation. Volume 268 of Issue 9. The Journal of biological chemistry 1993. PMID: 8384218


  218. Hammes SR, Greene WC. Multiple arginine residues within the basic domain of HTLV-I Rex are required for specific RNA binding and function. Volume 193 of Issue 1. Virology 1993. PMID: 8438577


  219. Doerre S, Sista P, Sun SC, Ballard DW, Greene WC. The c-rel protooncogene product represses NF-kappa B p65-mediated transcriptional activation of the long terminal repeat of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus. Volume 90 of Issue 3. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993. PMID: 8430069


  220. Ganchi PA, Sun SC, Greene WC, Ballard DW. I kappa B/MAD-3 masks the nuclear localization signal of NF-kappa B p65 and requires the transactivation domain to inhibit NF-kappa B p65 DNA binding. Molecular biology of the cell 1992. PMID: 1493333


  221. Mills GB, Arima N, May C, Hill M, Schmandt R, Li J, Miyamoto NG, Greene WC. Neither the LCK nor the FYN kinases are obligatory for IL-2-mediated signal transduction in HTLV-I-infected human T cells. Volume 4 of Issue 11. International immunology 1992. PMID: 1472476


  222. Feinberg MB, Greene WC. Molecular insights into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 pathogenesis. Current opinion in immunology 1992. PMID: 1356348


  223. Walker WH, Stein B, Ganchi PA, Hoffman JA, Kaufman PA, Ballard DW, Hannink M, Greene WC. The v-rel oncogene: insights into the mechanism of transcriptional activation, repression, and transformation. Volume 66 of Issue 8. Journal of virology 1992. PMID: 1321284


  224. Weichselbraun I, Berger J, Dobrovnik M, Bogerd H, Grassmann R, Greene WC, Hauber J, Böhnlein E. Dominant-negative mutants are clustered in a domain of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I Rex protein: implications for trans dominance. Volume 66 of Issue 7. Journal of virology 1992. PMID: 1602559


  225. Arima N, Kuziel WA, Grdina TA, Greene WC. IL-2-induced signal transduction involves the activation of nuclear NF-kappa B expression. Volume 149 of Issue 1. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1992. PMID: 1607664


  226. Kaufman PA, Weinberg JB, Greene WC. Nuclear expression of the 50- and 65-kD Rel-related subunits of nuclear factor-kappa B is differentially regulated in human monocytic cells. Volume 90 of Issue 1. The Journal of clinical investigation 1992. PMID: 1634604


  227. Smith MR, Greene WC. Characterization of a novel nuclear localization signal in the HTLV-I tax transactivator protein. Volume 187 of Issue 1. Virology 1992. PMID: 1736534


  228. Ballard DW, Dixon EP, Peffer NJ, Bogerd H, Doerre S, Stein B, Greene WC. The 65-kDa subunit of human NF-kappa B functions as a potent transcriptional activator and a target for v-Rel-mediated repression. Volume 89 of Issue 5. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1992. PMID: 1542686


  229. Arima N, Molitor JA, Smith MR, Kim JH, Daitoku Y, Greene WC. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax induces expression of the Rel-related family of kappa B enhancer-binding proteins: evidence for a pretranslational component of regulation. Volume 65 of Issue 12. Journal of virology 1991. PMID: 1719236


  230. Molitor JA, Ballard DW, Greene WC. Kappa B-specific DNA binding proteins are differentially inhibited by enhancer mutations and biological oxidation. Volume 3 of Issue 10. The New biologist 1991. PMID: 1768652


  231. Smith MR, Greene WC. Type I human T cell leukemia virus tax protein transforms rat fibroblasts through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein/activating transcription factor pathway. Volume 88 of Issue 3. The Journal of clinical investigation 1991. PMID: 1832173


  232. Bogerd HP, Huckaby GL, Ahmed YF, Hanly SM, Greene WC. The type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) Rex trans-activator binds directly to the HTLV-I Rex and the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus Rev RNA response elements. Volume 88 of Issue 13. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1991. PMID: 1905815


  233. Lee JH, Li YC, Doerre S, Sista P, Ballard DW, Greene WC, Franza BR. A member of the set of kappa B binding proteins, HIVEN86A, is a product of the human c-rel proto-oncogene. Volume 6 of Issue 4. Oncogene 1991. PMID: 2030915


  234. Hémar A, Cereghini S, Cornet V, Blank V, Israël A, Greene WC, Dautry-Varsat A. Kappa B binding proteins are constitutively expressed in an IL-2 autocrine human T cell line. Volume 146 of Issue 7. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1991. PMID: 2005404


  235. Smith MR, Greene WC. Molecular biology of the type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) and adult T-cell leukemia. Volume 87 of Issue 3. The Journal of clinical investigation 1991. PMID: 1999493


  236. Ahmed YF, Gilmartin GM, Hanly SM, Nevins JR, Greene WC. The HTLV-I Rex response element mediates a novel form of mRNA polyadenylation. Volume 64 of Issue 4. Cell 1991. PMID: 1671761


  237. Greene WC. The molecular biology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Volume 324 of Issue 5. The New England journal of medicine 1991. PMID: 1986289


  238. Smith MR, Greene WC. Functional analyses of the type I human T-cell leukemia virus tax gene product. Volume 104. Transactions of the Association of American Physicians 1991. PMID: 1845158


  239. Kim JH, Kaufman PA, Hanly SM, Rimsky LT, Greene WC. Rex transregulation of human T-cell leukemia virus type II gene expression. Volume 65 of Issue 1. Journal of virology 1991. PMID: 1985205


  240. Molitor JA, Walker WH, Doerre S, Ballard DW, Greene WC. NF-kappa B: a family of inducible and differentially expressed enhancer-binding proteins in human T cells. Volume 87 of Issue 24. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1990. PMID: 2263603


  241. Ballard DW, Walker WH, Doerre S, Sista P, Molitor JA, Dixon EP, Peffer NJ, Hannink M, Greene WC. The v-rel oncogene encodes a kappa B enhancer binding protein that inhibits NF-kappa B function. Volume 63 of Issue 4. Cell 1990. PMID: 2225078


  242. Smith MR, Greene WC. Identification of HTLV-I tax trans-activator mutants exhibiting novel transcriptional phenotypes. Volume 4 of Issue 11. Genes & development 1990. PMID: 2276622


  243. Cullen BR, Greene WC. Functions of the auxiliary gene products of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Volume 178 of Issue 1. Virology 1990. PMID: 2202146


  244. Rubin LA, Galli F, Greene WC, Nelson DL, Jay G. The molecular basis for the generation of the human soluble interleukin 2 receptor. Volume 2 of Issue 5. Cytokine 1990. PMID: 2103332


  245. Kuziel WA, Greene WC. Interleukin-2 and the IL-2 receptor: new insights into structure and function. Volume 94 of Issue 6 Suppl. The Journal of investigative dermatology 1990. PMID: 1693645


  246. Ahmed YF, Hanly SM, Malim MH, Cullen BR, Greene WC. Structure-function analyses of the HTLV-I Rex and HIV-1 Rev RNA response elements: insights into the mechanism of Rex and Rev action. Volume 4 of Issue 6. Genes & development 1990. PMID: 2116986


  247. Fung MR, Greene WC. The human interleukin-2 receptor: insights into subunit structure and growth signal transduction. Volume 2 of Issue 2. Seminars in immunology 1990. PMID: 2129904


  248. Mills GB, May C, McGill M, Fung M, Baker M, Sutherland R, Greene WC. Interleukin 2-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Interleukin 2 receptor beta is tyrosine phosphorylated. Volume 265 of Issue 6. The Journal of biological chemistry 1990. PMID: 2303462


  249. Greene WC. Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression. Volume 8. Annual review of immunology 1990. PMID: 2188670


  250. Pomerantz JL, Mauxion F, Yoshida M, Greene WC, Sen R. A second sequence element located 3' to the NF-kappa B-binding site regulates IL-2 receptor-alpha gene induction. Volume 143 of Issue 12. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1989. PMID: 2687377


  251. Hammes SR, Dixon EP, Malim MH, Cullen BR, Greene WC. Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: evidence against its role as a transcriptional inhibitor. Volume 86 of Issue 23. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1989. PMID: 2687884


  252. Smith MR, Greene WC. The same 50-kDa cellular protein binds to the negative regulatory elements of the interleukin 2 receptor alpha-chain gene and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat. Volume 86 of Issue 21. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1989. PMID: 2813410


  253. Rimsky L, Dodon MD, Dixon EP, Greene WC. Trans-dominant inactivation of HTLV-I and HIV-1 gene expression by mutation of the HTLV-I Rex transactivator. Volume 341 of Issue 6241. Nature 1989. PMID: 2677743


  254. Ballard DW, Böhnlein E, Hoffman JA, Bogerd HP, Dixon EP, Franza BR, Greene WC. Activation of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha gene: regulatory role for DNA-protein interactions flanking the kappa B enhancer. Volume 1 of Issue 1. The New biologist 1989. PMID: 2518691


  255. Hanly SM, Rimsky LT, Malim MH, Kim JH, Hauber J, Duc Dodon M, Le SY, Maizel JV, Cullen BR, Greene WC. Comparative analysis of the HTLV-I Rex and HIV-1 Rev trans-regulatory proteins and their RNA response elements. Volume 3 of Issue 10. Genes & development 1989. PMID: 2482226


  256. Cullen BR, Greene WC. Regulatory pathways governing HIV-1 replication. Volume 58 of Issue 3. Cell 1989. PMID: 2569361


  257. Greene WC, Böhnlein E, Ballard DW. HIV-1, HTLV-1 and normal T-cell growth: transcriptional strategies and surprises. Volume 10 of Issue 8. Immunology today 1989. PMID: 2679647


  258. Böhnlein E, Ballard DW, Bogerd H, Peffer NJ, Lowenthal JW, Greene WC. Induction of interleukin-2 receptor-alpha gene expression is regulated by post-translational activation of kappa B specific DNA binding proteins. Volume 264 of Issue 15. The Journal of biological chemistry 1989. PMID: 2785992


  259. Lowenthal JW, Ballard DW, Bogerd H, Böhnlein E, Greene WC. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha activation of the IL-2 receptor-alpha gene involves the induction of kappa B-specific DNA binding proteins. Volume 142 of Issue 9. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1989. PMID: 2785134


  260. Hoyos B, Ballard DW, Böhnlein E, Siekevitz M, Greene WC. Kappa B-specific DNA binding proteins: role in the regulation of human interleukin-2 gene expression. Volume 244 of Issue 4903. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1989. PMID: 2497518


  261. Böhnlein E, Siekevitz M, Ballard DW, Lowenthal JW, Rimsky L, Bogérd H, Hoffman J, Wano Y, Franza BR, Greene WC. Stimulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax gene product involves the action of inducible cellular proteins. Volume 63 of Issue 4. Journal of virology 1989. PMID: 2784507


  262. Lowenthal JW, Ballard DW, Böhnlein E, Greene WC. Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces proteins that bind specifically to kappa B-like enhancer elements and regulate interleukin 2 receptor alpha-chain gene expression in primary human T lymphocytes. Volume 86 of Issue 7. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1989. PMID: 2494663


  263. Böhnlein E, Lowenthal JW, Wano Y, Franza BR, Ballard DW, Greene WC. HIV-1, HTLV-I and the interleukin-2 receptor: insights into transcriptional control. Volume 32. Haematology and blood transfusion 1989. PMID: 2625257


  264. Wano Y, Feinberg M, Hosking JB, Bogerd H, Greene WC. Stable expression of the tax gene of type I human T-cell leukemia virus in human T cells activates specific cellular genes involved in growth. Volume 85 of Issue 24. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1988. PMID: 3059351


  265. Fung MR, Ju G, Greene WC. Co-internalization of the p55 and p70 subunits of the high-affinity human interleukin 2 receptor. Evidence for a stable ternary receptor complex. Volume 168 of Issue 5. The Journal of experimental medicine 1988. PMID: 3263468


  266. Rimsky L, Hauber J, Dukovich M, Malim MH, Langlois A, Cullen BR, Greene WC. Functional replacement of the HIV-1 rev protein by the HTLV-1 rex protein. Volume 335 of Issue 6192. Nature 1988. PMID: 3262832


  267. Collins L, Tsien WH, Seals C, Hakimi J, Weber D, Bailon P, Hoskings J, Greene WC, Toome V, Ju G. Identification of specific residues of human interleukin 2 that affect binding to the 70-kDa subunit (p70) of the interleukin 2 receptor. Volume 85 of Issue 20. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1988. PMID: 3051003


  268. Ballard DW, Böhnlein E, Lowenthal JW, Wano Y, Franza BR, Greene WC. HTLV-I tax induces cellular proteins that activate the kappa B element in the IL-2 receptor alpha gene. Volume 241 of Issue 4873. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1988. PMID: 2843985


  269. Froussard P, Chastagner P, Sommé G, Abadie A, Greene W, Thèze J, Longacre S. p55 IL-2 receptor mRNA precursors in murine T lymphocyte nuclei. Volume 141 of Issue 4. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1988. PMID: 3135330


  270. Böhnlein E, Lowenthal JW, Siekevitz M, Ballard DW, Franza BR, Greene WC. The same inducible nuclear proteins regulates mitogen activation of both the interleukin-2 receptor-alpha gene and type 1 HIV. Volume 53 of Issue 5. Cell 1988. PMID: 2836068


  271. Lowenthal JW, Böhnlein E, Ballard DW, Greene WC. Regulation of interleukin 2 receptor alpha subunit (Tac or CD25 antigen) gene expression: binding of inducible nuclear proteins to discrete promoter sequences correlates with transcriptional activation. Volume 85 of Issue 12. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1988. PMID: 3132714


  272. Cullen BR, Podlaski FJ, Peffer NJ, Hosking JB, Greene WC. Sequence requirements for ligand binding and cell surface expression of the Tac antigen, a human interleukin-2 receptor. Volume 263 of Issue 10. The Journal of biological chemistry 1988. PMID: 2832410


  273. Greene WC. Sarcoidosis and interleukin-2 receptors. Volume 137 of Issue 4. The American review of respiratory disease 1988. PMID: 2833139


  274. Zeitz M, Greene WC, Peffer NJ, James SP. Lymphocytes isolated from the intestinal lamina propria of normal nonhuman primates have increased expression of genes associated with T-cell activation. Volume 94 of Issue 3. Gastroenterology 1988. PMID: 3123303


  275. Greene WC. In: Gallin J, Goldstein I, Snyderman R (Eds.), Inflammation: Basic principles and clinical correlations IL-2, IL-2 receptors, and the growth of human T cells 1988. PMID:


  276. Wano Y, Dukovich M, Kehrl JH, Greene WC. In: Smith KA (Ed.), Interleukin 2 New perspectives on the structure of the human high affinity i nterleukin-2 receptor 1988. PMID:


  277. Greene WC, Wano YJ, Dukovich M. New insights into the structure of high-affinity interleukin-2 receptors. Volume 44. Recent progress in hormone research 1988. PMID: 3064206


  278. Kehrl JH, Dukovich M, Whalen G, Katz P, Fauci AS, Greene WC. Novel interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor appears to mediate IL-2-induced activation of natural killer cells. Volume 81 of Issue 1. The Journal of clinical investigation 1988. PMID: 2826541


  279. Greene WC, Böhnlein E, Siekevitz M, Franza BR, Lowenthal J. The human interleukin-2 receptor. Recent studies of structure and regulation. Volume 546. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1988. PMID: 3073691


  280. Siekevitz M, Josephs SF, Dukovich M, Peffer N, Wong-Staal F, Greene WC. Activation of the HIV-1 LTR by T cell mitogens and the trans-activator protein of HTLV-I. Volume 238 of Issue 4833. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1987. PMID: 2825351


  281. Lowenthal JW, Greene WC. Contrasting interleukin 2 binding properties of the alpha (p55) and beta (p70) protein subunits of the human high-affinity interleukin 2 receptor. Volume 166 of Issue 4. The Journal of experimental medicine 1987. PMID: 3116145


  282. Rubin LA, Hoekzema GS, Nelson DL, Greene WC, Jay G. Reconstitution of a functional interleukin 2 receptor in a nonlymphoid cell. Volume 139 of Issue 7. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1987. PMID: 2821112


  283. Bich-Thuy LT, Dukovich M, Peffer NJ, Fauci AS, Kehrl JH, Greene WC. Direct activation of human resting T cells by IL 2: the role of an IL 2 receptor distinct from the Tac protein. Volume 139 of Issue 5. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1987. PMID: 3040856


  284. Wano Y, Hattori T, Matsuoka M, Takatsuki K, Chua AO, Gubler U, Greene WC. Interleukin 1 gene expression in adult T cell leukemia. Volume 80 of Issue 3. The Journal of clinical investigation 1987. PMID: 2887587


  285. Greene WC. The human interleukin-2 receptor: a molecular and biochemical analysis of structure and function. Volume 35 of Issue 5. Clinical research 1987. PMID: 2889557


  286. Siekevitz M, Feinberg MB, Holbrook N, Wong-Staal F, Greene WC. Activation of interleukin 2 and interleukin 2 receptor (Tac) promoter expression by the trans-activator (tat) gene product of human T-cell leukemia virus, type I. Volume 84 of Issue 15. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1987. PMID: 3037548


  287. Dukovich M, Wano Y. A second human interleukin-2 binding protein that may be a component of high-affinity interleukin-2 receptors. Volume 327 of Issue 6122. Nature 1987. PMID: 3108674


  288. Holter W, Goldman CK, Casabo L, Nelson DL, Greene WC, Waldmann TA. Expression of functional IL 2 receptors by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated human monocytes. Volume 138 of Issue 9. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1987. PMID: 3106493


  289. Bernard O, Fazekas de St Groth B, Ullrich A, Green W, Schlessinger J. High-affinity interleukin 2 binding by an oncogenic hybrid interleukin 2-epidermal growth factor receptor molecule. Volume 84 of Issue 8. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1987. PMID: 3104909


  290. Robb RJ, Rusk CM, Yodoi J, Greene WC. Interleukin 2 binding molecule distinct from the Tac protein: analysis of its role in formation of high-affinity receptors. Volume 84 of Issue 7. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1987. PMID: 3031660


  291. Robb RJ, Greene WC. Internalization of interleukin 2 is mediated by the beta chain of the high-affinity interleukin 2 receptor. Volume 165 of Issue 4. The Journal of experimental medicine 1987. PMID: 3031195


  292. Wano Y, Cullen BR, Svetlik PA, Peffer NJ, Greene WC. Reconstitution of high affinity IL-2 receptor expression in a human T-cell line using a retroviral cDNA expression vector. Volume 4 of Issue 2. Molecular biology & medicine 1987. PMID: 3114593


  293. Greene WC, Leonard WJ, Wano Y, Svetlik PB, Peffer NJ, Sodroski JG, Rosen CA, Goh WC, Haseltine WA. Trans-activator gene of HTLV-II: interpretation. Volume 235 of Issue 4792. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1987. PMID: 3029865


  294. Greene WC. An overview of the human interleukin-2 receptor: molecular, biochemical, and functional properties. Volume 5 of Issue 4. Cancer investigation 1987. PMID: 2889515


  295. Greene WC, Leonard WJ. Human interleukin 2 receptor (Tac antigen). Volume 150. Methods in enzymology 1987. PMID: 3123879


  296. Greene WC, Leonard WJ, Wano Y, Sodroski JG, Rosen CA, Haseltine WA. In: Pruzanki W, Seligmann M (Eds.), Clinical Immunology The transactivator (tat) gene of HTLV-II induces the expression of cellular genes involved in T cell growth 1987. PMID:


  297. Greene WC, Dukovich M, Wano Y, Kehrl JH, Robb RJ. In: Webb DR, Pierce CW, Cohen S (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Lymphokine Workshop The human high affinity for interleukin-2 receptor 1987. PMID:


  298. Greene WC. Int. J. Immunother. III Expression of interleukin-2 receptors in normal and neoplastic T cells 1987. PMID:


  299. Greene WC. Proceedings of the AACR 1987 IL-2, IL-2 receptors and human retroviruses 1987. PMID:


  300. Chanda PK, Chen GF, Baine Y, Leonard WJ, Greene WC, Chang TW, Chang NT. Expression of human interleukin-2 receptor cDNA in E. coli. Volume 141 of Issue 2. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1986. PMID: 3026392