Karen Hauer, MD, PhD

Professor of Clinical Medicine

General Internal Medicine UCSF Health

Karen Hauer, MD, PhD, Karen Hauer is Vice Dean for Education and Professor of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). She is an active researcher in medical education and a research mentor for fellows, residents and students, with a focus on competency-based medical education, learner assessment, coaching and remediation. In 2015, she completed a PhD in Medical Education through a joint program with UCSF and the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands. She earned her undergraduate degree at Stanford University, and completed medical school and internal medicine residency and chief residency at UCSF. She is a practicing general internist in primary care.

Education
PhD, - Medical Education, UCSF-University of Utrecht
- Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Champion Training, University of California
M.D., - Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
Residency, - School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
Websites
Publications

  1. Elster MJ, Parsons AS, Collins S, Gusic ME, Hauer KE. 'We're like Spider-Man; with great power comes great responsibility': Coaches' experiences supporting struggling medical students. Medical teacher 2024. PMID: 38588710


  2. Busari JO, Diffey L, Hauer KE, Lomis KD, Amiel JM, Barone MA, Schultz K, Chen CH, Damodaran A, Turner DA, Jones B, Oandasan I, Chan MK. Advancing anti-oppression and social justice in healthcare through competency-based medical education (CBME). Medical teacher 2024. PMID: 38215046


  3. Boscardin C, Larsen D, O'Brien BC, Hauer KE. How Teachers Can Promote Assessment for Learning During All Phases of Learning. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 36972113


  4. McDonald JA, Rincón A, Daniel R, O'Sullivan PS, Hauer KE. "It's Time to Do It, to Make It a Major Part of Medicine": Faculty Experience With a Shift Toward an Antioppressive Medical School Curriculum. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 38166213


  5. Charondo LB, Sheu L, Bakke BM, Hauer KE. 'It's more like checking in with an old friend': A qualitative study of medical students' experiences with longitudinal coaches throughout medical school. Medical teacher 2023. PMID: 38049978


  6. Frank AK, Lin JJ, Warren SB, Bullock JL, O'Sullivan P, Malishchak LE, Berman RA, Yialamas MA, Hauer KE. Stereotype Threat and Gender Bias in Internal Medicine Residency: It is Still Hard to be in Charge. Journal of general internal medicine 2023. PMID: 37985610


  7. Wang A, Karunungan KL, Story JD, Shlobin NA, Woo J, Ha EL, Hauer KE, Braddock CH. Reimagining a pass/fail clinical core clerkship: a US residency program director survey and meta-analysis. BMC medical education 2023. PMID: 37875929


  8. Boscardin CK, Gin B, Golde PB, Hauer KE. ChatGPT and Generative Artificial Intelligence for Medical Education: Potential Impact and Opportunity. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37651677


  9. Shaw T, LaDonna KA, Hauer KE, Khalife R, Sheu L, Wood TJ, Montgomery A, Rauscher S, Aggarwal S, Humphrey-Murto S. Having a Bad Day Is Not an Option: Learner Perspectives on Learner Handover. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37983397


  10. Perez S, Schwartz A, Hauer KE, Karani R, Hirshfield LE, McNamara M, Henry D, Lupton K, Woods M, Teherani A. Developing Evidence for Equitable Assessment Characteristics Based on Clinical Learner Preferences Using Discrete Choice Experiments. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37556801


  11. Perez S, Schwartz A, Hauer KE, Karani R, Hirshfield LE, McNamara M, Henry D, Lupton KL, Woods M, Teherani A. Developing Evidence for Equitable Assessment Characteristics Based on Clinical Learner Preferences Using Discrete Choice Experiments. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37983403


  12. O'Brien MT, Bullock JL, Minhas PK, Roman SA, Joshi P, Lupton KL, Hauer KE. From Eggshells to Action: A Qualitative Study of Faculty Experience Responding to Microaggressions Targeting Medical Students. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37983400


  13. Maristany D, Hauer KE, Leep Hunderfund AN, Elks ML, Bullock JL, Kumbamu A, O'Brien BC. The Problem and Power of Professionalism: A Critical Analysis of Medical Students' and Residents' Perspectives and Experiences of Professionalism. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37983394


  14. Bullock JL, Sukhera J, Del Pino-Jones A, Dyster TG, Ilgen JS, Lockspeiser TM, Teunissen PW, Hauer KE. 'Yourself in all your forms': A grounded theory exploration of identity safety in medical students. Medical education 2023. PMID: 37517809


  15. Hauer KE, Park YS, Bullock JL, Tekian A. "My Assessments Are Biased!" Measurement and Sociocultural Approaches to Achieve Fairness in Assessment in Medical Education. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37094278


  16. Boatright D, Edje L, Gruppen LD, Hauer KE, Humphrey HJ, Marcotte K. Ensuring Fairness in Medical Education Assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 37073970


  17. Hamza DM, Hauer KE, Oswald A, van Melle E, Ladak Z, Zuna I, Assefa ME, Keto-Lambert D, Ross S. Response to letter to the editor about "making sense of competency-based medical education". Medical teacher 2023. PMID: 37036142


  18. Hamza DM, Hauer KE, Oswald A, van Melle E, Ladak Z, Zuna I, Assefa ME, Pelletier GN, Sebastianski M, Keto-Lambert D, Ross S. Making sense of competency-based medical education (CBME) literary conversations: A BEME scoping review: BEME Guide No. 78. Medical teacher 2023. PMID: 36668992


  19. Swails JL, Angus S, Barone MA, Bienstock J, Burk-Rafel J, Roett MA, Hauer KE. The Undergraduate to Graduate Medical Education Transition as a Systems Problem: A Root Cause Analysis. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 36538695


  20. Schafer KR, Sood L, King CJ, Alexandraki I, Aronowitz P, Cohen M, Chretien K, Pahwa A, Shen E, Williams D, Hauer KE. The Grade Debate: Evidence, knowledge gaps, and perspectives on clerkship assessment across the UME to GME continuum. The American journal of medicine 2023. PMID: 36632923


  21. Phillips A, Hauer KE, Chen HC, Wray A, Watanaskul S, Boscardin C. The Consequences of Step 2 Clinical Skills Examination Discontinuation for Medical Schools and Sustainability Plans for Clinical Skills Assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2023. PMID: 36634605


  22. Chang A, Pierluissi E, Cornes S, Ishizaki A, Teherani A, Davis J, Hauer KE, Lucey CR. The Clinical Microsystems Clerkship at University of California, San Francisco: Integrating Clinical Skills and Health Systems Improvement for Early Medical Students. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2022. PMID: 36222538


  23. Phinney LB, Fluet A, O'Brien BC, Seligman L, Hauer KE. Beyond Checking Boxes: Exploring Tensions With Use of a Workplace-Based Assessment Tool for Formative Assessment in Clerkships. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2022. PMID: 35703235


  24. Hauer KE, Chang A, van Schaik SM, Lucey C, Cowell T, Teherani A. "It's All About the Trust And Building A Foundation:" Evaluation of a Longitudinal Medical Student Coaching Program. Teaching and learning in medicine 2022. PMID: 35996842


  25. Hauer KE, Williams PM, Byerley JS, Swails JL, Barone MA. Blue Skies With Clouds: Envisioning the Future Ideal State and Identifying Ongoing Tensions in the UME-GME Transition. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2022. PMID: 35947473


  26. Hauer KE, Hung E. Mental health self-disclosure: from stigma to empowerment. TO REMOVE 2022. PMID: 35485396


  27. Kercheval JB, Mott NM, Kim EK, Boscardin CK, Klein BA, Hauer KE, Daniel M. Students' Perspectives on Basic and Clinical Science Integration When Step 1 is Administered After the Core Clerkships. TO REMOVE 2022. PMID: 35138966


  28. Ajjawi R, Crampton PES, Ginsburg S, Mubuuke GA, Hauer KE, Illing J, Mattick K, Monrouxe L, Nadarajah VD, Vu NV, Wilkinson T, Wolvaardt L, Cleland J. Promoting inclusivity in health professions education publishing. TO REMOVE 2022. PMID: 35040180


  29. Penner JC, Hauer KE, Julian KA, Sheu L. How preceptors develop trust in continuity clinic residents and how trust influences supervision: A qualitative study. TO REMOVE 2021. PMID: 34914028


  30. Gin BC, Ten Cate O, O'Sullivan PS, Hauer KE, Boscardin C. Exploring how feedback reflects entrustment decisions using artificial intelligence. TO REMOVE 2021. PMID: 34773415


  31. Hauer KE, O'Sullivan PS. Making Sense of Milestones Data-Guiding Residents or Assessing Training Programs? TO REMOVE 2021. PMID: 34874410


  32. Bullock JL, O'Brien MT, Minhas PK, Fernandez A, Lupton KL, Hauer KE. No One Size Fits All: A Qualitative Study of Clerkship Medical Students' Perceptions of Ideal Supervisor Responses to Microaggressions. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2021. PMID: 34348373


  33. Wang A, Karunungan KL, Shlobin NA, Story JD, Ha EL, Hauer KE, Braddock CH. Residency Program Director Perceptions of Resident Performance Between Graduates of Medical Schools With Pass/Fail Versus Tiered Grading System for Clinical Clerkships: A Meta-Analysis. TO REMOVE 2021. PMID: 34705719


  34. Phinney LB, Fluet A, O'Brien BC, Seligman L, Hauer KE. Using Activity Theory to Explore How Changes in a Work-Based Assessment Tool Can Alter Feedback Systems in Clerkships. TO REMOVE 2021. PMID: 34705714


  35. Kogan JR, Hauer KE, Holmboe ES. The Dissolution of the Step 2 Clinical Skills Examination and the Duty of Medical Educators to Step Up the Effectiveness of Clinical Skills Assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2021. PMID: 34166235


  36. Dhaliwal G, Hauer KE. Excellence in medical training: developing talent-not sorting it. Perspectives on medical education 2021. PMID: 34415554


  37. Elster MJ, O'Sullivan PS, Muller-Juge V, Sheu L, Kaiser SV, Hauer KE. Does being a coach benefit clinician-educators? A mixed methods study of faculty self-efficacy, job satisfaction and burnout. Perspectives on medical education 2021. PMID: 34406613


  38. Gin BC, Tsoi S, Sheu L, Hauer KE. How supervisor trust affects early residents' learning and patient care: A qualitative study. Perspectives on medical education 2021. PMID: 34297348


  39. Boscardin CK, Bullock J, O'Sullivan P, Hauer K. Profiles for Success: Examining the Relationship between Student Profiles and Clerkship Performance Using Latent Profile Analysis. TO REMOVE 2021. PMID: 35349389


  40. Richardson D, Kinnear B, Hauer KE, Turner TL, Warm EJ, Hall AK, Ross S, Thoma B, Van Melle E, ICBME Collaborators. Growth mindset in competency-based medical education. Medical teacher 2021. PMID: 34410891


  41. Lomis KD, Mejicano GC, Caverzagie KJ, Monrad SU, Pusic M, Hauer KE. The critical role of infrastructure and organizational culture in implementing competency-based education and individualized pathways in undergraduate medical education. Medical teacher 2021. PMID: 34291715


  42. Chan T, Oswald A, Hauer KE, Caretta-Weyer HA, Nousiainen MT, Cheung WJ, ICBME Collaborators. Diagnosing conflict: Conflicting data, interpersonal conflict, and conflicts of interest in clinical competency committees. Medical teacher 2021. PMID: 34182879


  43. Frank JR, Snell LS, Oswald A, Hauer KE, International CBME Collaborators. Further on the journey in a complex adaptive system: Elaborating CBME. Medical teacher 2021. PMID: 34097832


  44. Hauer KE, Jurich D, Vandergrift J, Lipner RS, McDonald FS, Yamazaki K, Chick D, McAllister K, Holmboe ES. Gender Differences in Milestone Ratings and Medical Knowledge Examination Scores Among Internal Medicine Residents. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2021. PMID: 33711841


  45. Ross S, Hauer KE, Wycliffe-Jones K, Hall AK, Molgaard L, Richardson D, Oswald A, Bhanji F, ICBME Collaborators. Key considerations in planning and designing programmatic assessment in competency-based medical education. Medical teacher 2021. PMID: 34061700


  46. Hall J, Oswald A, Hauer KE, Hall AK, Englander R, Cheung WJ, ICBME Collaborators. Twelve tips for learners to succeed in a CBME program. Medical teacher 2021. PMID: 34020580


  47. Bullock JL, Seligman L, Lai CJ, O'Sullivan PS, Hauer KE. Moving toward Mastery: Changes in Student Perceptions of Clerkship Assessment with Pass/Fail Grading and Enhanced Feedback. Teaching and learning in medicine 2021. PMID: 34014793


  48. Edgar L, Jones MD, Harsy B, Passiment M, Hauer KE. Better Decision-Making: Shared Mental Models and the Clinical Competency Committee. Journal of graduate medical education 2021. PMID: 33936533


  49. Yaghmour NA, Poulin LJ, Bernabeo EC, Ekpenyong A, Li ST, Eden AR, Hauer KE, Tichter AM, Hamstra SJ, Holmboe ES. Stages of Milestones Implementation: A Template Analysis of 16 Programs Across 4 Specialties. Journal of graduate medical education 2021. PMID: 33936531


  50. Misra S, Iobst WF, Hauer KE, Holmboe ES. The Importance of Competency-Based Programmatic Assessment in Graduate Medical Education. Journal of graduate medical education 2021. PMID: 33936544


  51. Ekpenyong A, Padmore JS, Hauer KE. The Purpose, Structure, and Process of Clinical Competency Committees: Guidance for Members and Program Directors. Journal of graduate medical education 2021. PMID: 33936532


  52. Hauer KE, Edgar L, Hogan SO, Kinnear B, Warm E. The Science of Effective Group Process: Lessons for Clinical Competency Committees. Journal of graduate medical education 2021. PMID: 33936534


  53. Swan Sein A, Daniel M, Hauer KE, Santen SA. Educational and Practical Implications of Step 1 Timing in the Context of COVID-19. Medical Science Educator 2021. PMID: 33777488


  54. Daniel M, Hauer KE, Chandran L, Pock A, Morrison G, Santen SA. The Optimal Timing of Step 1 in Medical Education Following the Transition to Pass/Fail: A Unique Perspective from Post-clerkship Step 1 Schools. Medical Science Educator 2021. PMID: 34457932


  55. McDonald JA, Lai CJ, Lin MYC, O'Sullivan PS, Hauer KE. "There Is a Lot of Change Afoot": A Qualitative Study of Faculty Adaptation to Elimination of Tiered Grades With Increased Emphasis on Feedback in Core Clerkships. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32909998


  56. Fitz M, Hauer K. In Reply to Kurtz et al. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2021. PMID: 33492829


  57. Hauer KE, Lockspeiser TM, Chen HC. The COVID-19 Pandemic as an Imperative to Advance Medical Student Assessment: Three Areas for Change. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 33003038


  58. Wlodarczyk S, Muller-Juge V, Hauer KE, Tong MS, Ransohoff A, Boscardin C. Assessment to Optimize Learning Strategies: A Qualitative Study of Student and Faculty Perceptions. Teaching and learning in medicine 2021. PMID: 33439035


  59. Hauer KE, Giang D, Kapp ME, Sterling R. Standardization in the MSPE: Key Tensions for Learners, Schools, and Residency Programs. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32167965


  60. Daniel M, Morrison G, Hauer KE, Pock A, Seibert C, Amiel J, Poag M, Ismail N, Dalrymple JL, Esposito K, Pettepher C, Santen SA. Strategies From 11 U.S. Medical Schools for Integrating Basic Science Into Core Clerkships. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 33394668


  61. Jurich D, Daniel M, Hauer KE, Seibert C, Chandran L, Pock AR, Fazio SB, Fleming A, Santen SA. Does Delaying the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 to After Clerkships Affect Student Performance on Clerkship Subject Examinations? Teaching and learning in medicine 2020. PMID: 33356583


  62. Teherani A, Perez S, Muller-Juge V, Lupton K, Hauer KE. A Narrative Study of Equity in Clinical Assessment Through the Antideficit Lens. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 33229956


  63. Lucey CR, Hauer KE, Boatright D, Fernandez A. Medical Education's Wicked Problem: Achieving Equity in Assessment for Medical Learners. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32889943


  64. Seligman L, Abdullahi A, Teherani A, Hauer KE. From Grading to Assessment for Learning: A Qualitative Study of Student Perceptions Surrounding Elimination of Core Clerkship Grades and Enhanced Formative Feedback. Teaching and learning in medicine 2020. PMID: 33228392


  65. Ransohoff A, Boscardin C, Hauer KE, Wlodarczyk S. Rethinking How to Introduce the Learning Sciences: a Near-Peer Approach. Medical Science Educator 2020. PMID: 34457862


  66. Boscardin CK, Earnest G, Hauer KE. Predicting Performance on Clerkship Examinations and USMLE Step 1: What Is the Value of Open-Ended Question Examination? Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32769460


  67. Bullock JL, Lockspeiser T, Del Pino-Jones A, Richards R, Teherani A, Hauer KE. They Don't See a Lot of People My Color: A Mixed Methods Study of Racial/Ethnic Stereotype Threat Among Medical Students on Core Clerkships. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32769459


  68. Kogan JR, Hauer KE. Sparking Change: How a Shift to Step 1 to Pass/Fail Scoring Could Promote the Educational and Catalytic Effects of Assessment in Medical Education. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32433312


  69. Lucey CR, Hauer K, O'Sullivan P, Poncelet A, Souza KH, Davis J. University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 33626649


  70. Fitz MM, Adams W, Haist SA, Hauer KE, Ross LP, Raff A, Agarwal G, Vu TR, Appelbaum J, Lang VJ, Miller C, Grum C. Which Internal Medicine Clerkship Characteristics Are Associated With Students' Performance on the NBME Medicine Subject Exam? A Multi-Institutional Analysis. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32195693


  71. Bakke BM, Sheu L, Hauer KE. Fostering a Feedback Mindset: A Qualitative Exploration of Medical Students' Feedback Experiences With Longitudinal Coaches. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32576764


  72. Stetson GV, Kryzhanovskaya IV, Lomen-Hoerth C, Hauer KE. Professional Identity Formation in Disorienting Times. Medical education 2020. PMID: 32344447


  73. Thoma B, Warm E, Hamstra SJ, Cavalcanti R, Pusic M, Shaw T, Verma A, Frank JR, Hauer KE. Next Steps in the Implementation of Learning Analytics in Medical Education: Consensus From an International Cohort of Medical Educators. Journal of graduate medical education 2020. PMID: 32595850


  74. Teherani A, Harleman E, Hauer KE, Lucey C. Toward Creating Equity in Awards Received During Medical School: Strategic Changes at One Institution. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2020. PMID: 32079943


  75. Cheung WJ, Chan TM, Hauer KE, Woods RA, McEwen J, Martin LJ, Patocka C, Dong SL, Bhimani M, McColl T. CAEP 2019 Academic Symposium: Got competence? Best practices in trainee progress decisions. CJEM 2020. PMID: 32209154


  76. Sheu L, Hauer KE, Schreiner K, van Schaik SM, Chang A, O'Brien BC. "A Friendly Place to Grow as an Educator": A Qualitative Study of Community and Relationships Among Medical Student Coaches. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2019. PMID: 31348059


  77. Harbell MW, Li D, Boscardin C, Pierluissi E, Hauer KE. Teaching Systems Improvement to Early Medical Students: Strategies and Lessons Learned. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2019. PMID: 31335811


  78. Bullock JL, Lai CJ, Lockspeiser T, O'Sullivan P, Aronowitz P, Dellmore D, Fung CC, Knight C, Hauer KE. In Pursuit of Honors: A Multi-Institutional Study of Students' Perceptions of Clerkship Evaluation and Grading. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2019. PMID: 31365406


  79. Bakke BM, Sheu L, Hauer KE. Fostering a Feedback Mind-Set: A Qualitative Exploration of Medical Students' Feedback Experiences with Longitudinal Coaches Through Semistructured Student Interviews. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2019. PMID: 31577592


  80. Teherani A, Hauer KE, Lucey C. Can Change to Clerkship Assessment Practices Create a More Equitable Clerkship Grading Process? Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2019. PMID: 31460909


  81. Hauer KE. Seeking trust in entrustment: shifting from the planning of entrustable professional activities to implementation. Medical education 2019. PMID: 31286555


  82. Hauer KE, Boscardin C, Brenner JM, van Schaik SM, Papp KK. Twelve tips for assessing medical knowledge with open-ended questions: Designing constructed response examinations in medical education. Medical teacher 2019. PMID: 31282798


  83. Dekhtyar M, Ross LP, D'Angelo J, Guernsey J, Hauer KE, Lawson L, Pusic MV, Hawkins RE. Validity of the Health Systems Science Examination: Relationship Between Examinee Performance and Time of Training. American journal of medical quality : the official journal of the American College of Medical Quality 2019. PMID: 31177823


  84. Frank AK, O'Sullivan P, Mills LM, Muller-Juge V, Hauer KE. Clerkship Grading Committees: the Impact of Group Decision-Making for Clerkship Grading. Journal of general internal medicine 2019. PMID: 30993615


  85. Rojek AE, Khanna R, Yim JWL, Gardner R, Lisker S, Hauer KE, Lucey C, Sarkar U. Differences in Narrative Language in Evaluations of Medical Students by Gender and Under-represented Minority Status. Journal of general internal medicine 2019. PMID: 30993609


  86. Hatala R, Ginsburg S, Hauer KE, Gingerich A. Entrustment Ratings in Internal Medicine Training: Capturing Meaningful Supervision Decisions or Just Another Rating? Journal of general internal medicine 2019. PMID: 30993616


  87. Karp NC, Hauer KE, Sheu L. Trusted to Learn: a Qualitative Study of Clerkship Students' Perspectives on Trust in the Clinical Learning Environment. Journal of general internal medicine 2019. PMID: 30993622


  88. Brondfield S, Boscardin C, Strewler G, Hyland K, Oakes SA, Nishimura H, Crawford J, Hauer KE. A Medical Student Inquiry Behavior Assessment Tool: Development and Validity Evidence. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2019. PMID: 30431452


  89. Hauer KE, Lucey CR. Core Clerkship Grading: The Illusion of Objectivity. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2019. PMID: 30113359


  90. Hauer KE, Iverson N, Quach A, Yuan P, Kaner S, Boscardin C. Fostering medical students' lifelong learning skills with a dashboard, coaching and learning planning. Perspectives on medical education 2018. PMID: 30187391


  91. Teherani A, Hauer KE, Fernandez A, King TE, Lucey C. How Small Differences in Assessed Clinical Performance Amplify to Large Differences in Grades and Awards: A Cascade With Serious Consequences for Students Underrepresented in Medicine. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2018. PMID: 29923892


  92. Hauer KE, Vandergrift J, Lipner RS, Holmboe ES, Hood S, McDonald FS. National Internal Medicine Milestone Ratings: Validity Evidence From Longitudinal Three-Year Follow-up. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2018. PMID: 29620673


  93. Kinnear B, Warm EJ, Hauer KE. Twelve tips to maximize the value of a clinical competency committee in postgraduate medical education. Medical teacher 2018. PMID: 29944025


  94. Ross S, Hauer KE, van Melle E. Outcomes are what matter: Competency-based medical education gets us to our goal. MedEdPublish (2016) 2018. PMID: 38089223


  95. Fazio SB, Ledford CH, Aronowitz PB, Chheda SG, Choe JH, Call SA, Gitlin SD, Muntz M, Nixon LJ, Pereira AG, Ragsdale JW, Stewart EA, Hauer KE. Competency-Based Medical Education in the Internal Medicine Clerkship: A Report From the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine Undergraduate Medical Education Task Force. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2018. PMID: 28930762


  96. Hauer KE, O'Sullivan PS, Fitzhenry K, Boscardin C. Translating Theory Into Practice: Implementing a Program of Assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2018. PMID: 29116979


  97. Boscardin C, Fergus KB, Hellevig B, Hauer KE. Twelve tips to promote successful development of a learner performance dashboard within a medical education program. Medical teacher 2017. PMID: 29117744


  98. Hauer KE, Nishimura H, Dubon D, Teherani A, Boscardin C. Competency assessment form to improve feedback. The clinical teacher 2017. PMID: 29045060


  99. Kogan JR, Hatala R, Hauer KE, Holmboe E. Guidelines: The do's, don'ts and don't knows of direct observation of clinical skills in medical education. Perspectives on medical education 2017. PMID: 28956293


  100. Sheu L, Kogan JR, Hauer KE. How Supervisor Experience Influences Trust, Supervision, and Trainee Learning: A Qualitative Study. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2017. PMID: 28079727


  101. . Medical students' engagement in interprofessional collaborative communication during an interprofessional observed structured clinical examination: A qualitative study. TO REMOVE 2017. PMID:


  102. Hauer KE, Holmboe ES, McDonald FS. Assessing Performance of Internal Medicine Residents-Reply. JAMA 2017. PMID: 28350922


  103. Hauer KE, Vandergrift J, Hess B, Lipner RS, Holmboe ES, Hood S, Iobst W, Hamstra SJ, McDonald FS. Correlations Between Ratings on the Resident Annual Evaluation Summary and the Internal Medicine Milestones and Association With ABIM Certification Examination Scores Among US Internal Medicine Residents, 2013-2014. JAMA 2016. PMID: 27923089


  104. Hauer KE. Elevating the value of direct observation for learning: the limits of autonomy. Medical education 2016. PMID: 27628717


  105. Sheu L, O'Sullivan PS, Aagaard EM, Tad-Y D, Harrell HE, Kogan JR, Nixon J, Hollander H, Hauer KE. How Residents Develop Trust in Interns: A Multi-Institutional Mixed-Methods Study. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2016. PMID: 26983076


  106. Hauer KE, Clauser J, Lipner RS, Holmboe ES, Caverzagie K, Hamstra SJ, Hood S, Iobst W, Warm E, McDonald FS. The Internal Medicine Reporting Milestones: Cross-sectional Description of Initial Implementation in U.S. Residency Programs. Annals of internal medicine 2016. PMID: 27159244


  107. Hauer KE, Cate OT, Boscardin CK, Iobst W, Holmboe ES, Chesluk B, Baron RB, O'Sullivan PS. Ensuring Resident Competence: A Narrative Review of the Literature on Group Decision Making to Inform the Work of Clinical Competency Committees. Journal of graduate medical education 2016. PMID: 27168881


  108. Cullen EB, Hauer KE, Eisenstein L, Boscardin CK, Schroeder SA. Southern Medical Students' Views on Medicaid Expansion. Volume 176 of Issue 2. JAMA internal medicine 2016. PMID: 26642382


  109. Kernan WN, Elnicki DM, Hauer KE. The Selling of Primary Care 2015. Journal of general internal medicine 2015. PMID: 26173527


  110. Hauer KE, Boscardin C, Fulton TB, Lucey C, Oza S, Teherani A. Using a Curricular Vision to Define Entrustable Professional Activities for Medical Student Assessment. Journal of general internal medicine 2015. PMID: 26173516


  111. Hauer KE, Oza SK, Kogan JR, Stankiewicz CA, Stenfors-Hayes T, Cate OT, Batt J, O'Sullivan PS. How clinical supervisors develop trust in their trainees: a qualitative study. Medical education 2015. PMID: 26152490


  112. West CP, Hauer KE. Reducing Burnout in Primary Care: A Step Toward Solutions. Journal of general internal medicine 2015. PMID: 25910601


  113. Hauer KE, Chesluk B, Iobst W, Holmboe E, Baron RB, Boscardin CK, Cate OT, O'Sullivan PS. Reviewing residents' competence: a qualitative study of the role of clinical competency committees in performance assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2015. PMID: 25901876


  114. Williams DA, Kogan JR, Hauer KE, Yamashita T, Aagaard EM. The impact of exposure to shift-based schedules on medical students. Medical education online 2015. PMID: 26095587


  115. Low E, Tessler R, Hauer KE, Leavitt AD, Miller B, Maa J. The Surgical Clerkship and Medical Student Performance in a Standardized Patient Case of Acute Cholecystitis. Volume 72 of Issue 5. Journal of surgical education 2015. PMID: 26089162


  116. O'Brien BC, Hirsh D, Krupat E, Batt J, Hansen LA, Poncelet AN, Ogur B, Hauer KE. Learners, performers, caregivers, and team players: Descriptions of the ideal medical student in longitudinal integrated and block clerkships. Medical teacher 2015. PMID: 25894329


  117. Kogan JR, Lapin J, Aagaard E, Boscardin C, Aiyer MK, Cayea D, Cifu A, Diemer G, Durning S, Elnicki M, Fazio SB, Khan AR, Lang VJ, Mintz M, Nixon LJ, Paauw D, Torre DM, Hauer KE. The effect of resident duty-hours restrictions on internal medicine clerkship experiences: surveys of medical students and clerkship directors. Teaching and learning in medicine 2015. PMID: 25584470


  118. Saba GW, Chou CL, Satterfield J, Teherani A, Hauer K, Poncelet A, Chen HC. Teaching patient-centered communication skills: a telephone follow-up curriculum for medical students. Medical education online 2014. PMID: 24767705


  119. Dhaliwal G, Hauer KE. The oral patient presentation in the era of night float admissions: credit and critique. JAMA 2013. PMID: 24302082


  120. Chou CL, Masters DE, Chang A, Kruidering M, Hauer KE. Effects of longitudinal small-group learning on delivery and receipt of communication skills feedback. Medical education 2013. PMID: 24117553


  121. Hauer KE, Soni K, Cornett P, Kohlwes J, Hollander H, Ranji SR, Ten Cate O, Widera E, Calton B, O'Sullivan PS. Developing entrustable professional activities as the basis for assessment of competence in an internal medicine residency: a feasibility study. Journal of general internal medicine 2013. PMID: 23595926


  122. Hauer KE, Ten Cate O, Boscardin C, Irby DM, Iobst W, O'Sullivan PS. Understanding trust as an essential element of trainee supervision and learning in the workplace. Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice 2013. PMID: 23892689


  123. Mookherjee S, Chang A, Boscardin CK, Hauer KE. How to develop a competency-based examination blueprint for longitudinal standardized patient clinical skills assessments. Medical teacher 2013. PMID: 23848440


  124. Dutzi I, Schwenk M, Micol W, Hauer K. [Patients with dementia as a secondary diagnosis. Care in geriatric inpatient rehabilitation]. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie 2013. PMID: 23474871


  125. Poncelet AN, Wamsley M, Hauer KE, Lai C, Becker T, O'Brien B. Patient views of continuity relationships with medical students. Medical teacher 2013. PMID: 23477473


  126. Hauer KE, Kohlwes J, Cornett P, Hollander H, Ten Cate O, Ranji SR, Soni K, Iobst W, O'Sullivan P. Identifying entrustable professional activities in internal medicine training. Journal of graduate medical education 2013. PMID: 24404227


  127. Ratcliffe TA, Hanson JL, Hemmer PA, Hauer KE, Papp KK, Denton GD. The required written history and physical is alive, but not entirely well, in internal medicine clerkships. Teaching and learning in medicine 2013. PMID: 23330889


  128. Wayne DB, Hauer KE. Counting quality, not hours: understanding the impact of duty hour reform on internal medicine residency education. Journal of general internal medicine 2012. PMID: 22878856


  129. Hauer KE, O'Brien BC, Hansen LA, Hirsh D, Ma IH, Ogur B, Poncelet AN, Alexander EK, Teherani A. More is better: students describe successful and unsuccessful experiences with teachers differently in brief and longitudinal relationships. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2012. PMID: 22914512


  130. Jena AB, Arora VM, Hauer KE, Durning S, Borges N, Oriol N, Elnicki DM, Fagan MJ, Harrell HE, Torre D, Prochaska M, Meltzer DO, Reddy S. The prevalence and nature of postinterview communications between residency programs and applicants during the match. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2012. PMID: 22914523


  131. Ratcliffe TA, Durning SJ, Jena AB, Grau T, Artino AR, Arora VM, Hauer KE, Borges N, Oriol N, Elnicki DM, Fagan MJ, Harrell HE, Torre DM, Prochaska M, Meltzer DO, Reddy S. Postinterview communication between military residency applicants and training programs. Military medicine 2012. PMID: 23029863


  132. Hauer KE, Carney PA, Chang A, Satterfield J. Behavior change counseling curricula for medical trainees: a systematic review. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2012. PMID: 22622220


  133. Hauer KE, Hirsh D, Ma I, Hansen L, Ogur B, Poncelet AN, Alexander EK, O'Brien BC. The role of role: learning in longitudinal integrated and traditional block clerkships. Medical education 2012. PMID: 22691149


  134. O'Brien BC, Poncelet AN, Hansen L, Hirsh DA, Ogur B, Alexander EK, Krupat E, Hauer KE. Students' workplace learning in two clerkship models: a multi-site observational study. Medical education 2012. PMID: 22626053


  135. Levitt DS, Hauer KE, Poncelet A, Mookherjee S. An innovative quality improvement curriculum for third-year medical students. Medical education online 2012. PMID: 22611330


  136. Kogan JR, Conforti LN, Bernabeo EC, Durning SJ, Hauer KE, Holmboe ES. Faculty staff perceptions of feedback to residents after direct observation of clinical skills. Medical education 2012. PMID: 22239334


  137. Hauer KE, Kogan JR. Realising the potential value of feedback. Medical education 2012. PMID: 22239327


  138. Prochaska JJ, Gali K, Miller B, Hauer KE. Medical students' attention to multiple risk behaviors: a standardized patient examination. Journal of general internal medicine 2012. PMID: 22215267


  139. Mark D. Schwartz, Steven Durning, Mark Linzer, Karen E. Hauer. Medical Students’ Changing Views, Career Choice, and Primary Care Payment Reform—Reply. JAMA internal medicine 2011. PMID:


  140. Chang A, Chou CL, Teherani A, Hauer KE. Clinical skills-related learning goals of senior medical students after performance feedback. Medical education 2011. PMID: 21848715


  141. Lee CA, Chang A, Chou CL, Boscardin C, Hauer KE. Standardized patient-narrated web-based learning modules improve students' communication skills on a high-stakes clinical skills examination. Journal of general internal medicine 2011. PMID: 21769506


  142. Nixon LJ, Aiyer M, Durning S, Gouveia C, Kogan JR, Lang VJ, ten Cate O, Hauer KE. Educating clerkship students in the era of resident duty hour restrictions. The American journal of medicine 2011. PMID: 21683833


  143. Hauer KE, Mazotti L, O'Brien B, Hemmer PA, Tong L. Faculty verbal evaluations reveal strategies used to promote medical student performance. Medical education online 2011. PMID: 21629669


  144. Mazotti L, O'Brien B, Tong L, Hauer KE. Perceptions of evaluation in longitudinal versus traditional clerkships. Medical education 2011. PMID: 21486322


  145. Schwartz MD, Durning S, Linzer M, Hauer KE. Changes in medical students' views of internal medicine careers from 1990 to 2007. Archives of internal medicine 2011. PMID: 21518941


  146. Poncelet A, Bokser S, Calton B, Hauer KE, Kirsch H, Jones T, Lai CJ, Mazotti L, Shore W, Teherani A, Tong L, Wamsley M, Robertson P. Development of a longitudinal integrated clerkship at an academic medical center. Medical education online 2011. PMID: 21475642


  147. Durning SJ, Elnicki DM, Cruess DF, Reddy S, Kernan WN, Harrell HE, Schwartz MD, Fagan MJ, Battistone M, Hauer KE. Almost internists: analysis of students who considered internal medicine but chose other fields. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2011. PMID: 21169784


  148. Satterfield JM, Adler SR, Chen HC, Hauer KE, Saba GW, Salazar R. Creating an ideal social and behavioural sciences curriculum for medical students. Medical education 2010. PMID: 21091759


  149. Hauer KE, Fernandez A, Teherani A, Boscardin CK, Saba GW. Assessment of medical students' shared decision-making in standardized patient encounters. Journal of general internal medicine 2010. PMID: 21108048


  150. Hauer KE, Holmboe ES, Kogan JR. Twelve tips for implementing tools for direct observation of medical trainees' clinical skills during patient encounters. Medical teacher 2010. PMID: 20874011


  151. Mazotti L, Moylan A, Murphy E, Harper GM, Johnston CB, Hauer KE. Advancing geriatrics education: an efficient faculty development program for academic hospitalists increases geriatric teaching. Journal of hospital medicine 2010. PMID: 20717891


  152. Hauer KE, Boscardin C, Gesundheit N, Nevins A, Srinivasan M, Fernandez A. Impact of student ethnicity and patient-centredness on communication skills performance. Medical education 2010. PMID: 20636584


  153. Jennifer R. Kogan, Eric Holmboe, Karen E. Hauer. Tools to Assess Clinical Skills of Medical Trainees—Reply. JAMA 2010. PMID:


  154. Hauer KE, Papadakis MA. Assessment of the contributions of clinician educators. Journal of general internal medicine 2010. PMID: 20016952


  155. George Saba, Jason Satterfield, Rene Salazar, Shelley Adler, Karen Hauer, Huiju Chen, Dana Hughes, Amin Azzam, William Shore. The SBS Toolbox: Clinical Pearls from the Social and Behavioral Sciences. MedEdPORTAL 2010. PMID:


  156. Hauer KE, Ciccone A, Henzel TR, Katsufrakis P, Miller SH, Norcross WA, Papadakis MA, Irby DM. Remediation of the deficiencies of physicians across the continuum from medical school to practice: a thematic review of the literature. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2009. PMID: 19940595


  157. Uijtdehaage S, Hauer KE, Stuber M, Rajagopalan S, Go VL, Wilkerson L. A framework for developing, implementing, and evaluating a cancer survivorship curriculum for medical students. Journal of general internal medicine 2009. PMID: 19838856


  158. Teherani A, O'Sullivan PS, Lovett M, Hauer KE. Categorization of unprofessional behaviours identified during administration of and remediation after a comprehensive clinical performance examination using a validated professionalism framework. Medical teacher 2009. PMID: 19909041


  159. Poncelet AN, Hauer KE, O'Brien B. The longitudinal integrated clerkship. The virtual mentor : VM 2009. PMID: 23206999


  160. Teherani A, O'Brien BC, Masters DE, Poncelet AN, Robertson PA, Hauer KE. Burden, responsibility, and reward: preceptor experiences with the continuity of teaching in a longitudinal integrated clerkship. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2009. PMID: 19907386


  161. Natarajan P, Ranji SR, Auerbach AD, Hauer KE. Effect of hospitalist attending physicians on trainee educational experiences: a systematic review. Journal of hospital medicine 2009. PMID: 19824099


  162. Hauer KE, Chou CL, Souza KH, Henry D, Loeser H, Burke C, Mayfield C, O'Sullivan PS. Impact of an in-person versus web-based practice standardized patient examination on student performance on a subsequent high-stakes standardized patient examination. Teaching and learning in medicine 2009. PMID: 20183354


  163. Chang A, Boscardin C, Chou CL, Loeser H, Hauer KE. Predicting failing performance on a standardized patient clinical performance examination: the importance of communication and professionalism skills deficits. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2009. PMID: 19907367


  164. Kogan JR, Holmboe ES, Hauer KE. Tools for direct observation and assessment of clinical skills of medical trainees: a systematic review. JAMA 2009. PMID: 19773567


  165. Arianne Teherani, Patricia O'Sullivan, Mark Lovett, Karen Hauer. Categorization of unprofessional behaviours identified during administration of and remediation after a comprehensive clinical performance examination using a validated professionalism framework. Medical teacher 2009. PMID:


  166. Hauer KE, O'Brien B, Poncelet AN. Longitudinal, integrated clerkship education: better for learners and patients. Point. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2009. PMID: 19550168


  167. Hauer KE, Teherani A, Kerr KM, Irby DM, O'Sullivan PS. Consequences within medical schools for students with poor performance on a medical school standardized patient comprehensive assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2009. PMID: 19704205


  168. Saxena V, O'Sullivan PS, Teherani A, Irby DM, Hauer KE. Remediation techniques for student performance problems after a comprehensive clinical skills assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2009. PMID: 19704207


  169. Karen E. Hauer, Steven J. Durning, Mark D. Schwartz. Health Workforce Planning and Medical Student Career Choice—Reply. JAMA 2009. PMID:


  170. . Joe Thornton: Teaching and Assessing Medical Students Chronic Disease Management Skills Utilizing the Chronic Care Model and a Standardized Patient. TO REMOVE 2009. PMID:


  171. Uijtdehaage S, Hauer KE, Stuber M, Go VL, Rajagopalan S, Wilkerson L. Preparedness for caring of cancer survivors: a multi-institutional study of medical students and oncology fellows. Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education 2009. PMID: 19259862


  172. Chang A, Chou CL, Hauer KE. Clinical skills remedial training for medical students. Medical education 2008. PMID: 18991999


  173. Hauer KE, Durning SJ, Kernan WN, Fagan MJ, Mintz M, O'Sullivan PS, Battistone M, DeFer T, Elnicki M, Harrell H, Reddy S, Boscardin CK, Schwartz MD. Factors associated with medical students' career choices regarding internal medicine. JAMA 2008. PMID: 18780844


  174. Hauer KE, Landefeld CS. CHAMP trains champions: hospitalist-educators develop new ways to teach care for older patients. Journal of hospital medicine 2008. PMID: 18951398


  175. Hauer KE, Fagan MJ, Kernan W, Mintz M, Durning SJ. Internal medicine clerkship directors' perceptions about student interest in internal medicine careers. Journal of general internal medicine 2008. PMID: 18612752


  176. Chou CL, Chang A, Hauer KE. Remediation workshop for medical students in patient-doctor interaction skills. Medical education 2008. PMID: 18412917


  177. Teherani A, Hauer KE, O'Sullivan P. Can simulations measure empathy? Considerations on how to assess behavioral empathy via simulations. Patient education and counseling 2008. PMID: 18358667


  178. Lai CJ, Nye HE, Bookwalter T, Kwan A, Hauer KE. Postdischarge follow-up visits for medical and pharmacy students on an inpatient medicine clerkship. Journal of hospital medicine 2008. PMID: 18257097


  179. Hauer KE, Wilkerson L, Teherani A. The relationship between medical students' knowledge, confidence, experience, and skills related to colorectal cancer screening. Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education 2008. PMID: 19058067


  180. Hauer KE, Teherani A, Irby DM, Kerr KM, O'Sullivan PS. Approaches to medical student remediation after a comprehensive clinical skills examination. Medical education 2007. PMID: 18042183


  181. Hauer KE, Teherani A, Kerr KM, O'Sullivan PS, Irby DM. Student performance problems in medical school clinical skills assessments. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2007. PMID: 17895695


  182. Srinivasan M, Hauer KE, Der-Martirosian C, Wilkes M, Gesundheit N. Does feedback matter? Practice-based learning for medical students after a multi-institutional clinical performance examination. Medical education 2007. PMID: 17727526


  183. Fernandez A, Wang F, Braveman M, Finkas LK, Hauer KE. Impact of student ethnicity and primary childhood language on communication skill assessment in a clinical performance examination. Journal of general internal medicine 2007. PMID: 17558538


  184. Prochaska JJ, Teherani A, Hauer KE. Medical students' use of the stages of change model in tobacco cessation counseling. Journal of general internal medicine 2007. PMID: 17356990


  185. Colaco SM, Chou CL, Hauer KE. Near-peer teaching in a formative clinical skills examination. Medical education 2006. PMID: 17054629


  186. Hauer KE, Teherani A, Kerr KM, O'sullivan PS, Irby DM. Impact of the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 Clinical Skills exam on medical school clinical skills assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2006. PMID: 17001124


  187. Kogan JR, Hauer KE. Brief report: Use of the mini-clinical evaluation exercise in internal medicine core clerkships. Journal of general internal medicine 2006. PMID: 16704397


  188. Hauer KE, Teherani A, Dechet A, Aagaard EM. Medical students' perceptions of mentoring: a focus-group analysis. Medical teacher 2005. PMID: 16451896


  189. Hauer KE, Hodgson CS, Kerr KM, Teherani A, Irby DM. A national study of medical student clinical skills assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2005. PMID: 16199452


  190. Hauer KE, Alper EJ, Clayton CP, Hershman WY, Whelan AJ, Woolliscroft JO. Educational responses to declining student interest in internal medicine careers. The American journal of medicine 2005. PMID: 16194650


  191. Ratanawongsa N, Teherani A, Hauer KE. Third-year medical students' experiences with dying patients during the internal medicine clerkship: a qualitative study of the informal curriculum. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2005. PMID: 15980080


  192. Hauer KE, Wachter RM, McCulloch CE, Woo GA, Auerbach AD. Effects of hospitalist attending physicians on trainee satisfaction with teaching and with internal medicine rotations. Archives of internal medicine 2004. PMID: 15451761


  193. Aagaard EM, Hauer KE. A cross-sectional descriptive study of mentoring relationships formed by medical students. Journal of general internal medicine 2003. PMID: 12709098


  194. Hauer KE, Teherani A, Wiese J, Fenton CL. A strategy to standardize the learning of core clerkship objectives. Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice 2003. PMID: 14574046


  195. Hauer KE. Discovering the cause of syncope. A guide to the focused evaluation. Postgraduate medicine 2003. PMID: 12545591


  196. Hauer KE, Wachter RM. Implications of the hospitalist model for medical students' education. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2001. PMID: 11299143


  197. Hauer KE, Winawer N, Gillock MR, Cramer D, Kefalides PT. Update in hospital medicine. Annals of internal medicine 2000. PMID: 11074904


  198. Hauer KE. Enhancing feedback to students using the mini-CEX (Clinical Evaluation Exercise). Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2000. PMID: 10824798


  199. Hauer KE, Flanders SA, Wachter RM. Training future hospitalists. The Western journal of medicine 1999. PMID: 10639879


  200. Hauer KE. Low-molecular-weight heparin in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis. The Western journal of medicine 1998. PMID: 9795594


  201. Hauer KE, Wachter RM. A model hospitalist training program. The hospitalist 1998. PMID: 10346243