A Jay Holmgren, PhD, MS

Assistant Professor In Res

Dr. A Jay Holmgren is an Assistant Professor and Associate Division Chief for Research in the Division of Clinical Informatics and Digital Transformation (DoC-IT) and the Center for Clinical Informatics and Improvement Research (CLIIR).

Dr. Holmgren is an expert on the use of information technology in health care delivery. Dr. Holmgren's research focuses on the impact of information technology on patients, clinicians, and health care organizations, and seeks to identify strategies to improve the quality and experience of care using digital tools. His research has been published in peer-reviewed journals including JAMA, Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, Health Services Research, and JAMIA, and has been featured in popular press outlets including The New York Times, The Atlantic, Politico, and NPR.

Education
2022 - Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Champion Training, University of California
PhD, 05/2021 - Health Policy, Harvard University
MHI, 05/2017 - Health Informatics, University of Michigan
BA, 05/2011 - History, University of Michigan
Honors and Awards
  • NIH Loan Repayment Program Renewal Award, National Library of Medicine, 2024-2025
  • Best Young Researcher, Conference on Health IT and Analytics (CHITA), 2023
  • NIH Loan Repayment Program Award, National Library of Medicine, 2022-2024
  • Best Paper Award, Medical Informatics Europe, 2022
  • Best Student Paper, Conference on Health IT and Analytics (CHITA), 2020
  • Partners in Excellence Award, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 2019
  • Derek Bok Center Certificate of Distinction and Excellence in Teaching, Harvard College, 2018
Websites
Publications

  1. Apathy NC, Holmgren AJ, Nong P, Adler-Milstein J, Everson J. Trending in the right direction: critical access hospitals increased adoption of advanced electronic health record functions from 2018 to 2023. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2024. PMID: 39504475


  2. Holmgren AJ, Adler-Milstein J, Apathy NC. Electronic Health Record Documentation Burden Crowds Out Health Information Exchange Use By Primary Care Physicians. Health affairs (Project Hope) 2024. PMID: 39496090


  3. Sinsky CA, Rotenstein L, Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC. The number of patient scheduled hours resulting in a 40-hour work week by physician specialty and setting: a cross-sectional study using electronic health record event log data. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2024. PMID: 39413440


  4. Apathy NC, Holmgren AJ, Cross DA. Physician EHR Time and Visit Volume Following Adoption of Team-Based Documentation Support. JAMA internal medicine 2024. PMID: 39186284


  5. Holmgren AJ, Grouse CK, Oates A, O'Brien J, Byron ME. Changes in Secure Messaging After Implementation of Billing E-Visits by Demographic Group. JAMA network open 2024. PMID: 39120906


  6. Apathy NC, Biro J, Holmgren AJ. Consistency is key: documentation distribution and efficiency in primary care. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2024. PMID: 38905016


  7. Holmgren AJ, Hendrix N, Maisel N, Everson J, Bazemore A, Rotenstein L, Phillips RL, Adler-Milstein J. Electronic Health Record Usability, Satisfaction, and Burnout for Family Physicians. JAMA network open 2024. PMID: 39207759


  8. Hendrix N, Maisel N, Everson J, Patel V, Bazemore A, Rotenstein LS, Holmgren AJ, Krist AH, Adler-Milstein J, Phillips RL. Impact of response bias in three surveys on primary care providers' experiences with electronic health records. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2024. PMID: 38894620


  9. Holmgren AJ, Sinsky CA, Rotenstein L, Apathy NC. National Comparison of Ambulatory Physician Electronic Health Record Use Across Specialties. Journal of general internal medicine 2024. PMID: 38980460


  10. Apathy NC, Patel V, Rolle TL, Holmgren AJ. Physicians in ACOs report greater documentation burden. The American journal of managed care 2024. PMID: 38820186


  11. Liu T, Zhu, Z Holmgren AJ, Ellimoottil C. National trends in billing patient portal messages as e-visit services in traditional Medicare Health Affairs Scholar 2024. PMID:


  12. Holmgren AJ, Oakes AH, Miller A, Adler-Milstein J, Mehrotra A. National Trends in Billing Secure Messages as E-Visits. JAMA 2024. PMID: 38198195


  13. Holmgren AJ, Thombley R, Sinsky CA, Adler-Milstein J. Changes in Physician Electronic Health Record Use With the Expansion of Telemedicine. JAMA internal medicine 2023. PMID: 37902737


  14. Rotenstein LS, Holmgren AJ, Horn DM, Lipsitz S, Phillips R, Gitomer R, Bates DW. System-Level Factors and Time Spent on Electronic Health Records by Primary Care Physicians. JAMA network open 2023. PMID: 37991757


  15. Pantell MS, Holmgren AJ, Leary JC, Iott BE, Neuhaus J, Adler-Milstein J, Gottlieb LM. Social and Medical Care Integration Practices Among Children's Hospitals. Hospital pediatrics 2023. PMID: 37718963


  16. Rotenstein L, Holmgren AJ. COVID Exacerbated the Gender Disparity in Physician Electronic Health Record Inbox Burden. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2023. PMID: 37436709


  17. Sinha S, Holmgren AJ, Hong JC, Rotenstein LS. Ctrl-C: A Cross-Sectional Study of the EHR Usage Patterns of US Oncology Clinicians. JNCI cancer spectrum 2023. PMID: 37688578


  18. Cross DA, Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC. The role of organizations in shaping physician use of electronic health records. Health services research 2023. PMID: 37438938


  19. Holmgren AJ, Esdar M, Hüsers J, Coutinho-Almeida J. Health Information Exchange: Understanding the Policy Landscape and Future of Data Interoperability. Yearbook of medical informatics 2023. PMID: 37414031


  20. Hendrix N, Bazemore A, Holmgren AJ, Rotenstein LS, Eden AR, Krist AH, Phillips RL. Variation in Family Physicians' Experiences Across Different Electronic Health Record Platforms: a Descriptive Study. Journal of general internal medicine 2023. PMID: 36952084


  21. Grouse CK, Waung MW, Holmgren AJ, Mongan J, Neinstein A, Josephson SA, Khanna RR. Behavioral "nudges" in the electronic health record to reduce waste and misuse: 3 interventions. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2022. PMID: 36519951


  22. Holmgren AJ, Byron ME, Grouse CK, Adler-Milstein J. Association Between Billing Patient Portal Messages as e-Visits and Patient Messaging Volume. JAMA 2023. PMID: 36607621


  23. Tang M, Holmgren AJ, McElrath EE, Bhatt AS, Varshney AS, Lee SG, Vaduganathan M, Adler DS, Huckman RS. Investigating the Association Between Telemedicine Use and Timely Follow-Up Care After Acute Cardiovascular Hospital Encounters. JACC Advances 2022. PMID: 36620529


  24. Cross DA, Adler-Milstein J, Holmgren AJ. Management Opportunities and Challenges After Achieving Widespread Health System Digitization. Advances in health care management 2022. PMID: 36437617


  25. Rotenstein LS, Apathy N, Holmgren AJ, Bates DW. Physician Note Composition Patterns and Time on the EHR Across Specialty Types: a National, Cross-sectional Study. Journal of general internal medicine 2022. PMID: 36418647


  26. Apathy NC, Rotenstein L, Bates DW, Holmgren AJ. Documentation dynamics: note composition, burden, and physician efficiency. Health services research 2022. PMID: 36342001


  27. Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC. Trends in US Hospital Electronic Health Record Vendor Market Concentration, 2012-2021. Journal of general internal medicine 2022. PMID: 36348217


  28. Rotenstein LS, Holmgren AJ, Healey MJ, Horn DM, Ting DY, Lipsitz S, Salmasian H, Gitomer R, Bates DW. Association Between Electronic Health Record Time and Quality of Care Metrics in Primary Care. JAMA network open 2022. PMID: 36255725


  29. Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC. Assessing the impact of patient access to clinical notes on clinician EHR documentation. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2022. PMID: 35831954


  30. Kutza JO, Hübner U, Holmgren AJ, Esdar M. Patient Safety Informatics: Criteria Development for Assessing the Maturity of Digital Patient Safety in Hospitals. Studies in health technology and informatics 2022. PMID: 35612236


  31. Dixon, BE,
    Holmgren, AJ,
    Adler-Milstein, J,
    Grannis, SJ. Health Information Exchange and Interoperability Clinical Informatics Study Guide 2022. PMID:


  32. Holmgren AJ, Rotenstein L, Downing NL, Bates DW, Schulman K. Association between state-level malpractice environment and clinician electronic health record (EHR) time. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2022. PMID: 35271723


  33. Holmgren AJ,
    Everson JB,
    Adler-Milstein J. Association of Hospital Interoperable Data Sharing With Alternative Payment Model Participation JAMA health forum 2022. PMID:


  34. Arvisais-Anhalt S, Lau M, Lehmann CU, Holmgren AJ, Medford RJ, Ramirez CM, Chen CN. The 21st Century Cures Act and Multiuser Electronic Health Record Access: Potential Pitfalls of Information Release. Journal of medical Internet research 2022. PMID: 35175207


  35. Holmgren AJ, Downing NL, Tang M, Sharp C, Longhurst C, Huckman RS. Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinician ambulatory electronic health record use. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2022. PMID: 34888680


  36. Apathy NC, Holmgren AJ, Werner RM. Growth in health information exchange with ACO market penetration. The American journal of managed care 2022. PMID: 35049261


  37. Thompson SC, Holmgren AJ, Ford EW. Information system use antecedents of nursing employee turnover in a hospital setting. Health care management review 2020. PMID: 33399352


  38. Holmgren AJ, Kuznetsova M, Classen D, Bates DW. Assessing hospital electronic health record vendor performance across publicly reported quality measures. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2021. PMID: 34333626


  39. Holmgren AJ, Bates DW. Association of Hospital Public Quality Reporting With Electronic Health Record Medication Safety Performance. JAMA network open 2021. PMID: 34546374


  40. Holmgren AJ, Cutler D, Mehrotra A. The Increasing Role of Physician Practices as Bill Collectors: Destined for Failure. JAMA 2021. PMID: 34328509


  41. Apathy NC, Holmgren AJ, Adler-Milstein J. A decade post-HITECH: Critical access hospitals have electronic health records but struggle to keep up with other advanced functions. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2021. PMID: 34198342


  42. Holmgren AJ, Lindeman B, Ford EW. Resident Physician Experience and Duration of Electronic Health Record Use. Applied clinical informatics 2021. PMID: 34348409


  43. Rotenstein LS, Holmgren AJ, Downing NL, Longhurst CA, Bates DW. Differences in Clinician Electronic Health Record Use Across Adult and Pediatric Primary Care Specialties. JAMA network open 2021. PMID: 34241631


  44. Rotenstein LS, Holmgren AJ, Downing NL, Bates DW. Differences in Total and After-hours Electronic Health Record Time Across Ambulatory Specialties. JAMA internal medicine 2021. PMID: 33749732


  45. Holmgren AJ, Phelan J, Jha AK, Adler-Milstein J. Hospital organizational strategies associated with advanced EHR adoption. Health services research 2021. PMID: 33779993


  46. Co Z, Holmgren AJ, Classen DC, Newmark LP, Seger DL, Cole JM, Pon B, Zimmer KP, Bates DW. The Development and Piloting of the Ambulatory Electronic Health Record Evaluation Tool: Lessons Learned. Applied clinical informatics 2021. PMID: 33657634


  47. Holmgren AJ, Downing NL, Bates DW, Shanafelt TD, Milstein A, Sharp CD, Cutler DM, Huckman RS, Schulman KA. Assessment of Electronic Health Record Use Between US and Non-US Health Systems. JAMA internal medicine 2021. PMID: 33315048


  48. Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC, Adler-Milstein J. Barriers to hospital electronic public health reporting and implications for the COVID-19 pandemic: the authors' reply. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2020. PMID: 33001154


  49. Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC, Adler-Milstein J. Barriers to Hospital Electronic Public Health Reporting and Implications for the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2020. PMID: 32442266


  50. Co Z, Holmgren AJ, Classen DC, Newmark L, Seger DL, Danforth M, Bates DW. The tradeoffs between safety and alert fatigue: Data from a national evaluation of hospital medication-related clinical decision support. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2020. PMID: 32620948


  51. Holmgren AJ, Botelho A, Brandt AM. A History of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs in the United States: Political Appeal and Public Health Efficacy. American journal of public health 2020. PMID: 32552023


  52. Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC. Evaluation of Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Integration With Hospital Electronic Health Records by US County-Level Opioid Prescribing Rates. JAMA network open 2020. PMID: 32597990


  53. Levine DM, Co Z, Newmark LP, Groisser AR, Holmgren AJ, Haas JS, Bates DW. Design and testing of a mobile health application rating tool. NPJ digital medicine 2020. PMID: 32509971


  54. Classen DC, Holmgren AJ, Co Z, Newmark LP, Seger D, Danforth M, Bates DW. National Trends in the Safety Performance of Electronic Health Record Systems From 2009 to 2018. JAMA network open 2020. PMID: 32469412


  55. Apathy NC, Holmgren AJ. Opt-in consent policies: potential barriers to hospital health information exchange. The American journal of managed care 2020. PMID: 31951362


  56. Holmgren AJ, Apathy NC. Hospital adoption of API-enabled patient data access. Healthcare (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2019. PMID: 31471262


  57. Holmgren AJ, Co Z, Newmark L, Danforth M, Classen D, Bates D. Assessing the safety of electronic health records: a national longitudinal study of medication-related decision support. BMJ quality & safety 2019. PMID: 31320497


  58. Holmgren AJ, Ford EW. Assessing the impact of health system organizational structure on hospital electronic data sharing. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2018. PMID: 29982687


  59. Holmgren AJ, Adler-Milstein J, Chen LM. Participation in a Voluntary Bundled Payment Program by Organizations Providing Care After an Acute Hospitalization. JAMA 2018. PMID: 29946694


  60. Holmgren AJ, Adler-Milstein J, McCullough J. Are all certified EHRs created equal? Assessing the relationship between EHR vendor and hospital meaningful use performance. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2018. PMID: 29186508


  61. Adler-Milstein J, Holmgren AJ, Kralovec P, Worzala C, Searcy T, Patel V. Electronic health record adoption in US hospitals: the emergence of a digital "advanced use" divide. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2017. PMID: 29016973


  62. Holmgren AJ, Patel V, Adler-Milstein J. Progress In Interoperability: Measuring US Hospitals' Engagement In Sharing Patient Data. Health affairs (Project Hope) 2017. PMID: 28971929


  63. Holmgren AJ, Adler-Milstein J. Health Information Exchange in US Hospitals: The Current Landscape and a Path to Improved Information Sharing. Journal of hospital medicine 2017. PMID: 28272599


  64. Holmgren AJ, Pfeifer E, Manojlovich M, Adler-Milstein J. A Novel Survey to Examine the Relationship between Health IT Adoption and Nurse-Physician Communication. Applied clinical informatics 2016. PMID: 27999841


  65. Holmgren AJ, Patel V, Charles D, Adler-Milstein J. US hospital engagement in core domains of interoperability. The American journal of managed care 2016. PMID: 27982673